Molecular Techniques
Molecular techniques are methods employed in molecular biology, genetics, biochemistry, and biophysics to manipulate and analyze nucleic acids (deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA)), protein, and lipids. Techniques in molecular biology are employed to investigate the molecular basis for biological activity. These techniques are used to analyze cellular properties, structures, and chemical reactions, with a focus on how certain molecules regulate cellular reactions and growth.
DNA Fingerprinting and Gel Electrophoresis
The genetic makeup of living organisms is shown by a technique known as DNA fingerprinting. The difference is the satellite region of DNA is shown by this process. Alex Jeffreys has invented the process of DNA fingerprinting in 1985. Any biological samples such as blood, hair, saliva, semen can be used for DNA fingerprinting. DNA fingerprinting is also known as DNA profiling or molecular fingerprinting.
Molecular Markers
A known DNA sequence or gene sequence is present on a chromosome, and it is associated with a specific trait or character. It is mainly used as a genetic marker of the molecular marker. The first genetic map was done in a fruit fly, using genes as the first marker. In two categories, molecular markers are classified, classical marker and a DNA marker. A molecular marker is also known as a genetic marker.
DNA Sequencing
The most important feature of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecules are nucleotide sequences and the identification of genes and their activities. This the reason why scientists have been working to determine the sequences of pieces of DNA covered under the genomic field. The primary objective of the Human Genome Project was to determine the nucleotide sequence of the entire human nuclear genome. DNA sequencing selectively eliminates the introns leading to only exome sequencing that allows proteins coding.
QUESTION 1
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SDS-PAGE reagents that play a role in formation of the gel only are(Select all that applies)
Beta-Mercaptoethanol
Bromophenol blue
APS
Heat
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
Bis-acrylamide
Acrylamide
TEMED
3.33 points
QUESTION 2
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In Lab 3 we aimed to separate lysozyme from the Hen egg white proteins. Which of the following is the correct observation/result from that lab?
Load contains all the neutral and negatively charged proteins.
HEW contains negative and neutral proteins only.
Carb 1 contains negatively charged proteins.
Load contains positive, negative and neutral proteins.
3.34 points
QUESTION 3
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In order to separate negatively charged proteins from a mixture of neutral, positively charged and negatively proteins, you should pass the mixture of these beads through
Gel filtration column, using anion exchanger beads
Ion exchange chromatography column, using cation exchanger beads
Gel filtration column, using cation exchanger beads
Ion exchange chromatography column, using anion exchanger beads
3.34 points
QUESTION 4
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Which of the following statements regarding size exclusion chromatography is false?
Fully included compounds are the last to elute out.
Only fully included compounds elute out at Vi.
Nothing can elute out before Vo.
Only fully excluded compounds elute out at Vo.
3.33 points
QUESTION 5
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A bead resin with
functional group R-CH2-N+(CH3)3 will have the highest relative capacity at pH ___.7
10
5
2
3.34 points
QUESTION 6
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The graph below shows the absorbance spectra when bacteria is subjected to light of wavelength ranging from 200-1000 nm. Why did we not choose the wavelength of 260 nm to study light scattering?
Bacteria shows actual absorbance of UV light around this wavelength, hence it would interfere with light scattering results.
UV light does not get scattered by the bacteria.
We wanted to measure the scattering only in visible region because UV light is detrimental to the bacteria.
All of these statements are true.
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