Describe the steps by which the TP53 gene responds to DNA damage and/or cellular stress to promote cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. Given that TP53 is a recessive gene and is not located on the X chromosome, why would people who inherit just one mutant copy of a recessive tumor-suppressor gene be at higher risk of developing cancer than those without the recessive gene?

Q: The Bcl-2 protein was initially discovered via its ability to contribute to progression of B-cells…

A: Cancer is a disease caused by abnormal cell division.

Q: The protein p53 is activated when the cell's DNA is damaged. p53 helps to arrest the cell cycle in…

A: Cell division is controlled by a protein that is encoded by a tumor suppressor gene. Uncontrolled…

Q: After DNA damage (e.g. caused by X-ray exposure) in eukaryotic cells, the cell cycle can be arrested…

A: The protein cyclin and CDK (cyclin-dependent protein kinase) act together to drive the process of…

Q: Why are some chromosomal regions amplified/deleted in a specific manner in certain tumor types?

A: Chromosomal amplification: Chromosomal amplification can be explained as the increase in the amount…

Q: The p53 gene was discovered in 1979, but it was not clear whether the gene functioned as an oncogene…

A: An oncogene is a type of gene that is responsible for causing the cells to divide uncontrollably and…

Q: The rb gene encodes a protein that inhibits E2F, a transcriptionfactor that activates several genes…

A: Abnormal and unnecessary growth of cells termed cancer. Mutations in DNA causes cancer. In the…

Q: Modify the diagram above to illustrate specific protein(s) that would participate in regulating this…

A: RB retinoblastoma gene is a tumor suppressor gene.

Q: Compare and contrast oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Contrast oncogenes and proto-oncogenes.…

A: Genetic changes are the primary cause of cancer, an incredibly complicated and multidimensional…

Q: Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) is a peptide hormone (ligand) that binds and activates IGF receptor…

A: Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK) is an enzyme that belongs to the family of enzymes known as  protein…

Q: Put a checkmark next to any of the following scenarios that would make it MORE likely that a cell…

A: Need to find all the options that produce uncontrollable cell division  and to increase chance of…

Q: Activation of p53 during cellular stress will generally Select one: o a. Increase transcription of…

A: P553 is a tumor suppressor gene.

Q: what category of cancer-related genes is it possible to find inherited variants that are associated…

A: Answer is option 3.

Q: examine the process of gene expression. Include the following: Explain the regulation of gene…

A: Introduction Gene Expression Is The Process Through Which Information From A Gene Is Used To Create…

Q: A mutated form of protein p5x is found in patients with squamous cell carcinoma. In vitro studies…

A: A gene that produces a protein that is essential for regulating cell division and death and is…

Q: A cultured mouse cell line has a mutation in a gene encoding a ribosomal protein. The mutant protein…

A: Chaperones are a kind of protein with similar properties that aid in protein folding. These proteins…

Q: Suppose Nicole recently learned that she inherited a mutant BRCA1 allele from her mother, who had…

A: BRCA1 is a tumor suppressor gene usually expressed in breast cells. It is responsible for repairing…

Q: he most likely explanation for why overexpression of Myc can have such different outcomes in normal…

A: In the question, following information is provided :Cancer cells : over expression. of Myc,…

Q: a often survive until adulthood and produce children, what is their risk of developing other types…

A: Retinoblastoma is  an uncommon type of eye cancer that occurs in the young children and in this type…

Q: In other words, the master regulator initiates a program of gene expression that narrow the…

A: Cell signalling

Q: You are working in a cell biology lab that investigates non-small cell lung cancer cells, which of…

A: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer, accounting for around 85%…

Q: Mutations in proto-oncogenes that turn them into oncogenes tend to be dominant, while cancer-causing…

A: Tumor suppressor genes are the genes that suppress the formation of tumors in the cells or tissues…

Q: Explain why p53 is mutated in the vast majority of human cancers.

A: Any isoform of a protein encoded by homologous genes in multiple animals, such as TP53 and Trp53, is…

Q: The Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been linked to an increased risk of cervical cancer. The HPV E6…

A: P63 genes provide instructions for the production of a tumor protein p63 (also known as p63). The…

Q: What would be the effect of a mutation that inactivates the p14ARF tumor suppressor upon p53…

A: p53 is known as a cellular tumor antigen 53 is a protein found in vertebrates that is responsible…

Q: Describe the underlying causes of epigenetic changes associated with cancer.

A: DNA is the genetic material in most living organisms. It is the information hub of the cell that…

Q: Select the statements that accurately describe different ways that translocations could lead to…

A: Answer-  (A) A translocation breaks up the sequence of a gene for a protein that stimulates…