1. Using variable costing, what is the unit product cost for both years? 2. What is the variable costing net operating income in Year 1 and in Year 2? 3. Reconcile the absorption costing and the variable costing net operating income figures for each year.

FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING
10th Edition
ISBN:9781259964947
Author:Libby
Publisher:Libby
Chapter1: Financial Statements And Business Decisions
Section: Chapter Questions
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During Heaton Company’s first two years of operations, it reported absorption costing net operating income as follows:

 

  Year 1   Year 2
Sales (@ $25 per unit) $ 1,000,000   $ 1,250,000
Cost of goods sold (@ $18 per unit)   720,000     900,000
Gross margin   280,000     350,000
Selling and administrative expenses*   210,000     230,000
Net operating income $ 70,000   $ 120,000
 

*$2 per unit variable; $130,000 fixed each year.

 

The company’s $18 unit product cost is computed as follows:

 

     
Direct materials $ 4
Direct labor   7
Variable manufacturing overhead   1
Fixed manufacturing overhead ($270,000 ÷ 45,000 units)   6
Absorption costing unit product cost $ 18
 

 

Production and cost data for the first two years of operations are:

 

  Year 1 Year 2
Units produced 45,000 45,000
Units sold 40,000 50,000
 

 

Required:

1. Using variable costing, what is the unit product cost for both years?

2. What is the variable costing net operating income in Year 1 and in Year 2?

3. Reconcile the absorption costing and the variable costing net operating income figures for each year.

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