College Physics: A Strategic Approach (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780321879721
Author: Randall D. Knight (Professor Emeritus), Brian Jones, Stuart Field
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter P.6, Problem 8P
The following passages and associated questions are based on the material of Part VI
Taking an X Ray
Cathode Turret electrode
X rays are a very penetrating form of
FIGURE VI.1
A schematic view of an x-ray tube and a driver circuit is given in Figure VI.1. A filament warms the cathode, treeing electrons. These electrons are accelerated by the electric field established by a high-voltage power supply connected between the cathode and a metal target. The electrons accelerate in the direction of the target. The rapid deceleration when they strike the target generates x rays. Each electron will emit one or more x rays as it comes to rest.
An x-ray image is essentially a shadow; x rays darken the film where they pass, but the film stays unexposed, and thus light, where bones or dense tissues block x rays. An x-ray technician adjusts the quality of an image by adjusting the energy and the intensity of the x-ray beam. This is done by adjusting two parameters: the accelerating voltage and the current through the tube. The accelerating voltage determines the energy of the x-ray photons, which can't be greater than the energy of the electrons. The current through the tube determines the number of electrons per second and thus the number of photons emitted. In clinical practice, the exposure is characterized by two values: “kVp” and “mAs.” kVp is the peak voltage in kV. The value mAs is the product of the current (in mA) and the time (in s) to give a reading in mA · s. This is a measure of the total number of electrons that hit the target and thus the number of x rays emitted.
Typical values for a dental x ray are a kVp of 70 (meaning a peak voltage of 70 kV) and mAs of 7.5 (which comes from a current of 10 mA for 0.75 s, for a total of 7.5 mAs). Assume these values in all of the problem that follow.
What, physically, does the product of a current (in mA) and a time (in s) represent?
- A. Energy in mJ
- B. Potential difference in mV
- C. Charge in mC
- D. Resistance in mΩ
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Chapter P Solutions
College Physics: A Strategic Approach (3rd Edition)
Ch. P.1 - Prob. 1PCh. P.1 - The following questions are related to the passage...Ch. P.1 - The following questions are related to the passage...Ch. P.1 - Prob. 4PCh. P.1 - Animal Athletes Different animals have very...Ch. P.1 - Animal Athletes Different animals have very...Ch. P.1 - Animal Athletes Different animals have very...Ch. P.1 - Animal Athletes Different animals have very...Ch. P.1 - Animal Athletes Different animals have very...Ch. P.1 - The drag force on an object moving in a liquid is...
Ch. P.1 - The drag force on an object moving in a liquid is...Ch. P.1 - Sticky Liquids BIO The drag force on an object...Ch. P.1 - The drag force on an object moving in a liquid is...Ch. P.1 - Pulling Out of a Dive Falcons are excellent fliers...Ch. P.1 - Pulling Out of a Dive Falcons are excellent fliers...Ch. P.1 - Pulling Out of a Dive Falcons are excellent fliers...Ch. P.1 - Bending Beams If you bend a rod down, it...Ch. P.1 - Bending Beams If you bend a rod down, it...Ch. P.1 - Bending Beams If you bend a rod down, it...Ch. P.1 - Additional Integrated Problems 20. You go to the...Ch. P.1 - If you stand on a scale at the equator, the scale...Ch. P.1 - Additional Integrated Problems Dolphins and other...Ch. P.2 - Prob. 1PCh. P.2 - Prob. 2PCh. P.2 - Prob. 3PCh. P.2 - Prob. 4PCh. P.2 - The following passages and associated questions...Ch. P.2 - The following passages and associated questions...Ch. P.2 - The following passages and associated questions...Ch. P.2 - The following passages and associated questions...Ch. P.2 - The following passages and associated questions...Ch. P.2 - Testing Tennis Balls Tennis balls are tested by...Ch. P.2 - Testing Tennis Balls Tennis balls are tested by...Ch. P.2 - Testing Tennis Balls Tennis balls are tested by...Ch. P.2 - Squid Propulsion Squid usually move by using their...Ch. P.2 - Squid Propulsion Squid usually move by using their...Ch. P.2 - Squid Propulsion Squid usually move by using their...Ch. P.2 - Squid Propulsion Squid usually move by using their...Ch. P.2 - Teeing Off A golf club has a lightweight flexible...Ch. P.2 - Teeing Off A golf club has a lightweight flexible...Ch. P.2 - Teeing Off A golf club has a lightweight flexible...Ch. P.2 - Teeing Off A golf club has a lightweight flexible...Ch. P.2 - Additional Integrated Problems Football players...Ch. P.2 - Additional Integrated Problems The unit of...Ch. P.2 - Additional Integrated Problems A 100 kg football...Ch. 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P.4 - Waves in the Earth and the Ocean In December 2004,...Ch. P.4 - Waves in the Earth and the Ocean In December 2004,...Ch. P.4 - Prob. 6PCh. P.4 - Prob. 7PCh. P.4 - Prob. 8PCh. P.4 - Prob. 9PCh. P.4 - Prob. 10PCh. P.4 - Prob. 11PCh. P.4 - Prob. 12PCh. P.4 - Prob. 13PCh. P.4 - Prob. 14PCh. P.4 - Prob. 15PCh. P.4 - Prob. 16PCh. P.4 - In the Swing A rope swing is hung from a tree...Ch. P.4 - In the Swing A rope swing is hung from a tree...Ch. P.4 - In the Swing A rope swing is hung from a tree...Ch. P.4 - Additional Integrated Problems The jumping gait of...Ch. P.4 - Prob. 21PCh. P.5 - Scanning Confocal Microscopy Although modern...Ch. P.5 - If, because of a poor-quality objective, the light...Ch. P.5 - The resolution of a scanning confocal microscope...Ch. P.5 - Prob. 4PCh. P.5 - In a horses eye, the image of a close object will...Ch. P.5 - Prob. 6PCh. P.5 - A horse is looking straight ahead at a person who...Ch. P.5 - Prob. 8PCh. P.5 - Light of wavelength 600 nm in air passes into the...Ch. P.5 - Prob. 10PCh. P.5 - Prob. 11PCh. P.5 - 12. In human vision, the curvature of the cornea...Ch. P.5 - Prob. 13PCh. P.5 - 14. Figure V.2c shows the lens of the eye bringing...Ch. P.5 - The pupil of your eye is smaller in bright light...Ch. P.5 - People with good vision can make out an...Ch. P.5 - Prob. 17PCh. P.5 - Prob. 18PCh. P.6 - The Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming...Ch. P.6 - The Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming...Ch. P.6 - The Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming...Ch. P.6 - The Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming...Ch. P.6 - The Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming...Ch. P.6 - Prob. 6PCh. P.6 - Prob. 7PCh. P.6 - The following passages and associated questions...Ch. P.6 - Prob. 9PCh. P.6 - Prob. 10PCh. P.6 - Prob. 11PCh. P.6 - Electric Cars In recent years, practical hybrid...Ch. P.6 - Electric Cars In recent years, practical hybrid...Ch. P.6 - Electric Cars In recent years, practical hybrid...Ch. P.6 - Electric Cars In recent years, practical hybrid...Ch. P.6 - Wireless Power Transmission Your laptop has...Ch. P.6 - Wireless Power Transmission Your laptop has...Ch. P.6 - Wireless Power Transmission Your laptop has...Ch. P.6 - Wireless Power Transmission Your laptop has...Ch. P.6 - Additional Integrated Problems 20. A 20 resistor...Ch. P.6 - Prob. 21PCh. P.7 - Prob. 1PCh. P.7 - Prob. 2PCh. P.7 - Prob. 3PCh. P.7 - Prob. 4PCh. P.7 - Prob. 5PCh. P.7 - Prob. 6PCh. P.7 - Prob. 7PCh. P.7 - Prob. 8PCh. P.7 - Prob. 9PCh. P.7 - Prob. 10PCh. P.7 - Prob. 11PCh. P.7 - Prob. 12PCh. P.7 - Prob. 13PCh. P.7 - Prob. 14PCh. P.7 - Prob. 15PCh. P.7 - Prob. 16PCh. P.7 - Prob. 17PCh. P.7 - Prob. 18PCh. P.7 - Many speculative plans for spaceships capable of...Ch. P.7 - A muon is a lepton that is a higher-mass (rest...Ch. P.7 - A muon is a lepton that is a higher-mass (rest...
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