Chapter 8, Problem 51P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The best synthetic routefor synthesis of methanolfrom simple alkane should be suggested and disadvantages of synthesis with alkanes as substrates should be given.

Concept introduction: The carbonyl bond is polar with the partial positive charge on carbon and partial negative charge on oxygen as illustrated below.

  

Grignard reagents are alkyl magnesium halides obtained from treatment of haloalkane with magnesium in presence of dried ether conditions. These reagents are useful precursors for quick synthesis of variety of organic compounds For example, the reaction of Grignard reagent with aldehyde or ketone generates alcohol as illustrated below.

  

Methyl bromide reacts with magnesium ether to give Grignard reagent. This Grignard methyl magnesium bromide on treatment with formaldehyde gives corresponding alcohol. The mechanistic pathway for the latter reaction is as follows:

  

The polar carbonyl bond breaks and the polar Grignard reagent attack at electron-deficient carbon. Finally with the hydrolysis and work up the alcohol is formed.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The best synthetic route for synthesis of ethanol from simple alkane should be suggested.

Concept introduction: Grignard reagents are alkyl magnesium halides obtained from treatment of haloalkane with magnesium in presence of dried ether conditions. These reagents are useful precursors for quick synthesis of variety of organic compounds For example, the reaction of Grignard reagent with aldehyde or ketone generates alcohol as illustrated below.

  

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The best synthetic route for synthesis of $\text{1-propanol}$ from simple alkane should be suggested.

Concept introduction:Grignard reagents are alkyl magnesium halides obtained from treatment of haloalkane with magnesium in presence of dried ether conditions. These reagents are useful precursors for quick synthesis of variety of organic compounds For example, the reaction of Grignard reagent with aldehyde or ketone generates alcohol as illustrated below.

  

Methyl bromide reacts with magnesium in ether to give Grignard reagent. This Grignard methylmagnsium bromide on treatment with formaldehyde gives corresponding alcohol.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The best synthetic route for synthesis of $\text{2-propanol}$ from simple alkane should be suggested.

Concept introduction:Grignard reagents are alkyl magnesium halides obtained from treatment of haloalkane with magnesium in presence of dried ether conditions. These reagents are useful precursors for quick synthesis of variety of organic compounds For example, the reaction of Grignard reagent with aldehyde or ketone generates alcohol as illustrated below.

  

Methyl bromide reacts with magnesium ether to give Grignard reagent. This Grignard methyl magnesium bromide on treatment with formaldehyde gives corresponding alcohol.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The best synthetic route for synthesis of $\text{1-butanol}$ from simple alkane should be suggestedand disadvantages of synthesis with alkanes as substrates should be given.

Concept introduction:Grignard reagents are alkyl magnesium halides obtained from treatment of haloalkane with magnesium in presence of dried ether conditions. These reagents are useful precursors for quick synthesis of variety of organic compounds For example, the reaction of Grignard reagent with aldehyde or ketone generates alcohol as illustrated below.

  

Methyl bromide reacts with magnesium ether to give Grignard reagent. This Grignard methyl magnesium bromide on treatment with formaldehyde gives corresponding alcohol.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The best Synthetic route for synthesis of $\text{2-butanol}$ from simple alkane should be suggested.

Concept introduction:Grignard reagents are alkyl magnesium halides obtained from treatment of haloalkane with magnesium in presence of dried ether conditions. These reagents are useful precursors for quick synthesis of variety of organic compounds For example, the reaction of Grignard reagent with aldehyde or ketone generates alcohol as illustrated below.

  

Methyl bromide reacts with magnesium ether to give Grignard reagent. This Grignard methyl magnesium bromide on treatment with formaldehyde gives corresponding alcohol.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The best Synthetic route for synthesis of $\text{2-methyl-2-propanol}$ from simple alkane should be suggested.

Concept introduction:Grignard reagents are alkyl magnesium halides obtained from treatment of haloalkane with magnesium in presence of dried ether conditions. These reagents are useful precursors for quick synthesis of variety of organic compounds For example, the reaction of Grignard reagent with aldehyde or ketone generates alcohol as illustrated below.

  

Methyl bromide reacts with magnesium ether to give Grignard reagent. This Grignard methyl magnesium bromide on treatment with formaldehyde gives corresponding alcohol.