Chapter 8, Problem 23A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The salt formed when the HCl and KOH react in the given acid-base reaction needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction: Acids are the substances which tend to give ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ ions in their solution whereas bases give ${\text{OH}}^{\text{-}}$ ions.

The acid-base reaction is the reaction of acid and base to form salt and water. Here salt is formed from the cation of base and anion of acid.

Answer to Problem 23A

  ${\text{NaOH + HCl }}_{\text{(aq}}{}_{\text{)}}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{ NaCl}}_{\text{(aq}}{}_{\text{)}}{\text{ + H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(l)}}$

Explanation of Solution

In acid-base reaction, the H+ and OH- combine to form water. The salt molecule is formed from cation of base and anion of acid. The reaction of NaOH (base) and $\text{HCl}$ (acid) must form salt and water. Here the cation of salt will come from base that is Na+ and anion must be from acid that is Cl^-. So the salt must be NaCl.

  ${\text{NaOH + HCl }}_{\text{(aq}}{}_{\text{)}}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{ NaCl}}_{\text{(aq}}{}_{\text{)}}{\text{ + H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(l)}}$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The salt formed when the RbOH and ${\text{HNO}}_{\text{3}}$ react to acid-base reaction needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction: Acids are the substances which tend to give ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ ions in their solution whereas bases give ${\text{OH}}^{\text{-}}$ ions.

The acid-base reaction is the reaction of acid and base to form salt and water. Here salt is formed from the cation of base and anion of acid.

Answer to Problem 23A

  ${\text{RbOH + HNO}}_{\text{3}}{{}_{\text{(aq}}}_{\text{)}}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{ RbNO}}_{\text{3}}{{}_{\text{(aq}}}_{\text{)}}{\text{ + H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(l)}}$

Explanation of Solution

In acid-base reaction, the H+ and OH- combine to form water. The salt molecule is formed from cation of base and anion of acid. The reaction of RbOH (base) and ${\text{HNO}}_{\text{3}}$ (acid) must form salt and water. Here the cation of salt will come from base that is Rb+ and anion must be from acid that is NO₃^-. So the salt must be ${\text{RbNO}}_{\text{3}}$ .

  ${\text{RbOH + HNO}}_{\text{3}}{{}_{\text{(aq}}}_{\text{)}}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{ RbNO}}_{\text{3}}{{}_{\text{(aq}}}_{\text{)}}{\text{ + H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(l)}}$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The salt formed when the NaOH and ${\text{HClO}}_{\text{4}}$ react to acid-base reaction needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction: Acids are the substances which tend to give ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ ions in their solution whereas bases give ${\text{OH}}^{\text{-}}$ ions.

The acid-base reaction is the reaction of acid and base to form salt and water. Here salt is formed from the cation of base and anion of acid.

Answer to Problem 23A

  ${\text{NaOH}}_{\text{(aq)}}{\text{+ HClO}}_{\text{4(aq)}}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{ NaClO}}_{\text{4}}{{}_{\text{(aq}}}_{\text{)}}{\text{ + H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(l)}}$

Explanation of Solution

In acid-base reaction, the H+ and OH- combine to form water. The salt molecule is formed from cation of base and anion of acid. The reaction of NaOH (base) and ${\text{HClO}}_4$ (acid) must form salt and water. Here the cation of salt will come from base that is Na+ and anion must be from acid that is ${\text{ClO}}_{{}_4}^{-}$ So the salt must be ${\text{NaClO}}_{\text{4}}$ .

  ${\text{NaOH}}_{\text{(aq)}}{\text{+ HClO}}_{\text{4(aq)}}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{ NaClO}}_{\text{4}}{{}_{\text{(aq}}}_{\text{)}}{\text{ + H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(l)}}$

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The salt formed when the HBr and CsOH react in the given acid-base reaction needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction: Acids are the substances which tend to give ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ ions in their solution whereas bases give ${\text{OH}}^{\text{-}}$ ions.

The acid-base reaction is the reaction of acid and base to form salt and water. Here salt is formed from the cation of base and anion of acid.

Answer to Problem 23A

  ${\text{CsOH + HBr }}_{\text{(aq}}{}_{\text{)}}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{ CsBr}}_{\text{(aq}}{}_{\text{)}}{\text{ + H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(l)}}$

Explanation of Solution

In acid-base reaction, the H+ and OH- combine to form water. The salt molecule is formed from cation of base and anion of acid. The reaction of CsOH (base) and $\text{HBr}$ (acid) must form salt and water. Here the cation of salt will come from base that is Cs+ and anion must be from acid that is Br^-. So the salt must be CsBr.

  ${\text{CsOH + HBr }}_{\text{(aq}}{}_{\text{)}}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{ CsBr}}_{\text{(aq}}{}_{\text{)}}{\text{ + H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(l)}}$