Chapter 8, Problem 24A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The acid and base in the given acid-base reaction needs to be determined.

  $\text{\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_+ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ }\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{ K}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4(aq}}{}_{\text{)}}{\text{ + 2 H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(l)}}$

Concept Introduction: Acids are the substances which tend to give ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ ions in their solution whereas bases give ${\text{OH}}^{\text{-}}$ ions.

The acid-base reaction is the reaction of acid and base to form salt and water. Here salt is formed from the cation of base and anion of acid.

Answer to Problem 24A

  ${\text{2 KOH}}_{\text{(aq)}}{\text{ + H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4(aq}}{}_{\text{)}}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{ K}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4(aq}}{}_{\text{)}}{\text{ + 2 H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(l)}}$

Explanation of Solution

In acid-base reaction, the H+ and OH- combine to form water. The salt molecule is formed from cation of base and anion of acid. Since ${\text{K}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4(aq}}{}_{\text{)}}$ is formed as K+ and ${\text{SO}}_4^{2-}$ ions, thus it must be product of reaction of KOH (base) and ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4(aq}}{}_{\text{)}}$ (acid).

  ${\text{2 KOH}}_{\text{(aq)}}{\text{ + H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4(aq}}{}_{\text{)}}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{ K}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4(aq}}{}_{\text{)}}{\text{ + 2 H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(l)}}$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The acid and base in the given acid-base reaction needs to be determined.

  $\text{\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_+ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ }\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{ NaNO}}_{\text{3}}{{}_{\text{(aq}}}_{\text{)}}{\text{ + H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(l)}}$

Concept Introduction: Acids are the substances which tend to give ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ ions in their solution whereas bases give ${\text{OH}}^{\text{-}}$ ions.

The acid-base reaction is the reaction of acid and base to form salt and water. Here salt is formed from the cation of base and anion of acid.

Answer to Problem 24A

  ${\text{NaOH + HNO}}_{\text{3}}{{}_{\text{(aq}}}_{\text{)}}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{ NaNO}}_{\text{3}}{{}_{\text{(aq}}}_{\text{)}}{\text{ + H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(l)}}$

Explanation of Solution

In acid-base reaction, the H+ and OH- combine to form water. The salt molecule is formed from cation of base and anion of acid. Since ${\text{NaNO}}_{\text{3}}$ is formed as Na+ and ${\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}{}_{}^{2-}$ ions, thus it must be product of reaction of NaOH (base) and ${\text{HNO}}_{\text{3}}$ (acid).

  ${\text{NaOH + HNO}}_{\text{3}}{{}_{\text{(aq}}}_{\text{)}}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{ NaNO}}_{\text{3}}{{}_{\text{(aq}}}_{\text{)}}{\text{ + H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(l)}}$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The acid and base in the given acid-base reaction needs to be determined.

  $\text{\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_+ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ }\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{ CaCl}}_{\text{2}}{{}_{\text{(aq}}}_{\text{)}}{\text{ + 2 H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(l)}}$

Concept Introduction: Acids are the substances which tend to give ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ ions in their solution whereas bases give ${\text{OH}}^{\text{-}}$ ions.

The acid-base reaction is the reaction of acid and base to form salt and water. Here salt is formed from the cation of base and anion of acid.

Answer to Problem 24A

  ${\text{Ca(OH)}}_{\text{2(aq)}}{\text{ + 2 HCl}}_{\text{(aq)}}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{ CaCl}}_{\text{2}}{{}_{\text{(aq}}}_{\text{)}}{\text{ + 2 H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(l)}}$

Explanation of Solution

In acid-base reaction, the H+ and OH- combine to form water. The salt molecule is formed from cation of base and anion of acid. Since ${\text{CaCl}}_{\text{2}}$ is formed as Ca+2 and ${\text{Cl}}_{}^{-}$ ions, thus it must be product of reaction of ${\text{Ca(OH)}}_{\text{2}}$ (base) and $\text{HCl}$ (acid).

  ${\text{Ca(OH)}}_{\text{2(aq)}}{\text{ + 2 HCl}}_{\text{(aq)}}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{ CaCl}}_{\text{2}}{{}_{\text{(aq}}}_{\text{)}}{\text{ + 2 H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(l)}}$

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The acid and base in the given acid-base reaction needs to be determined.

  $\text{\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_+ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ }\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{ Ba(ClO}}_{\text{4}}{\text{)}}_{\text{2}}{{}_{\text{(aq}}}_{\text{)}}{\text{ + 2 H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(l)}}$

Concept Introduction: Acids are the substances which tend to give ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ ions in their solution whereas bases give ${\text{OH}}^{\text{-}}$ ions.

The acid-base reaction is the reaction of acid and base to form salt and water. Here salt is formed from the cation of base and anion of acid.

Answer to Problem 24A

  ${\text{Ba(OH)}}_{\text{2(aq)}}{\text{+ 2 HClO}}_{\text{4(aq)}}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{ Ba(ClO}}_{\text{4}}{\text{)}}_{\text{2}}{{}_{\text{(aq}}}_{\text{)}}{\text{ + 2 H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(l)}}$

Explanation of Solution

In acid-base reaction, the H+ and OH- combine to form water. The salt molecule is formed from cation of base and anion of acid. Since ${\text{Ba(ClO}}_{\text{4}}{\text{)}}_{\text{2}}$ is formed as Ba+2 and ${\text{ClO}}_{\text{4}}{}_{}^{-}$ ions, thus it must be product of reaction of ${\text{Ba(OH)}}_{\text{2}}$ (base) and ${\text{HClO}}_{\text{4}}$ (acid).

  ${\text{Ba(OH)}}_{\text{2(aq)}}{\text{+ 2 HClO}}_{\text{4(aq)}}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{ Ba(ClO}}_{\text{4}}{\text{)}}_{\text{2}}{{}_{\text{(aq}}}_{\text{)}}{\text{ + 2 H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(l)}}$