Chemistry: The Molecular Science
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781285199047
Author: John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 7.4, Problem 7.6PSP
Using hybridization and sigma and pi bonding, explain the bonding in (a) HCN and (b) H2CNH.
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1.
Draw the Lewis structures for each of the following ions or molecules. For each, give (i) the
molecular shape, (ii) the electron pair geometry at the central atom, and (iii) the hybridization of the central
atom.
(a) POF3
(b) XeO₂F3+
(c) BrCl₂
(d) N3 (the central atom is N; two other N's are bonded to it)
(e) PF3
Consider the reaction BF3 + NH3 -> F3B-NH3
(a) Describe the changes in hybridization of the B and N atoms as a result of this reaction.
(b) Describe the shapes of all the reactant molecules with their bond angles.
(c) Draw the overall shape of the product molecule and identify the bond angles around B and N atoms.
(d) What is the name of the bond between B and N.
(e)Describe the bonding orbitals that make the B and F, B and N & N and H bonds in the product molecule.
Nitrogen trifluoride (NF3) is used in the electronics industry to clean surfaces. NF3 is also a potent greenhouse gas.
(A) Draw the Lewis structure of NF3 and determine its molecular geometry.
(B) BF3 and NF3 both have three covalently bonded fluorine atoms around a central atom. Do they have the same dipole moment?
(C) Could BF3 also behave as a greenhouse gas? Explain why or why not.
Chapter 7 Solutions
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Ch. 7.2 - Identify the electron-region geometry, the...Ch. 7.2 - Based on the discussion so far, identify a...Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 7.2PSPCh. 7.2 - Determine the electron-region geometry and the...Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 7.2CECh. 7.2 - Prob. 7.3ECh. 7.2 - Prob. 7.4PSPCh. 7.4 - Using hybridization and sigma and pi bonding,...Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 7.4CECh. 7.5 - Decide whether each molecule is polar and, if so,...
Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 7.5ECh. 7.6 - Prob. 7.8PSPCh. 7.6 - Prob. 7.7CECh. 7.6 - Prob. 7.9PSPCh. 7.7 - Prob. 7.8CECh. 7.7 - Prob. 7.9CECh. 7 - Write the Lewis structures and give the...Ch. 7 - The structural formula for the open-chain form of...Ch. 7 - Describe the VSEPR model. How is the model used to...Ch. 7 - What is the difference between the electron-region...Ch. 7 - Prob. 3QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 4QRTCh. 7 - If you have three electron regions around a...Ch. 7 - Prob. 6QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 7QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 8QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 9QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 10QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 11QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 12QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 13QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 14QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 15QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 16QRTCh. 7 - Write Lewis structures for XeOF2 and ClOF3. Use...Ch. 7 - Write Lewis structures for HCP and [IOF4]. Use...Ch. 7 - Prob. 19QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 20QRTCh. 7 - Explain why (I3)+ is bent, but (I3) is linear.Ch. 7 - Prob. 22QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 23QRTCh. 7 - Give approximate values for the indicated bond...Ch. 7 - Give approximate values for the indicated bond...Ch. 7 - Prob. 26QRTCh. 7 - Compare the FClF angles in ClF2+ and ClF2. From...Ch. 7 - Prob. 28QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 29QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 30QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 31QRTCh. 7 - Describe the geometry and hybridization of carbon...Ch. 7 - Describe the geometry and hybridization for each C...Ch. 7 - Describe the hybridization around the central atom...Ch. 7 - The hybridization of the two carbon atoms differs...Ch. 7 - The hybridization of the two nitrogen atoms...Ch. 7 - Identify the type of hybridization, approximate...Ch. 7 - Prob. 38QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 39QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 40QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 41QRTCh. 7 - Methylcyanoacrylate is the active ingredient in...Ch. 7 - Prob. 43QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 44QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 45QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 46QRTCh. 7 - Which of these molecules has a net dipole moment?...Ch. 7 - Prob. 48QRTCh. 7 - Use molecular structures and noncovalent...Ch. 7 - Prob. 50QRTCh. 7 - Explain why water “beads up” on a freshly waxed...Ch. 7 - Explain why water will not remove tar from your...Ch. 7 - Prob. 53QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 54QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 55QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 56QRTCh. 7 - The structural formula for vitamin C is Give a...Ch. 7 - Prob. 58QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 59QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 60QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 61QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 62QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 63QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 64QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 65QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 66QRTCh. 7 - Methylcyanoacrylate is the active ingredient in...Ch. 7 - Prob. 68QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 69QRTCh. 7 - Use Lewis structures and VSEPR theory to predict...Ch. 7 - In addition to CO, CO2, and C3O2, there is another...Ch. 7 - Prob. 72QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 73QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 74QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 75QRTCh. 7 - In the gas phase, positive and negative ions form...Ch. 7 - Prob. 77QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 78QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 79QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 80QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 81QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 82QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 83QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 84QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 85QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 86QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 87QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 88QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 89QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 90QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 91QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 92QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 93QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 94QRTCh. 7 - Which of these are examples of hydrogen bonding?Ch. 7 - Prob. 96QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 97QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 98QRTCh. 7 - Halothane, which had been used as an anesthetic,...Ch. 7 - Ketene, C2H2O, is a reactant for synthesizing...Ch. 7 - Gamma hydroxybutyric acid, GHB, infamous as a date...Ch. 7 - There are two compounds with the molecular formula...Ch. 7 - Piperine, the active ingredient in black pepper,...Ch. 7 - Prob. 105QRTCh. 7 - Two compounds have the molecular formula N3H3. One...Ch. 7 - Prob. 108QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 109QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 110QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 111QRTCh. 7 - Prob. 7.ACPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.BCPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.CCPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.DCP
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- The structure of caffeine is shown below. (a) Complete the Lewis structure. (b) How many pi bonds are present in caffeine? How many sigma bonds? (c) Identify the hybridization of the carbon atoms. (d) What is the value of the O-C-N angle?arrow_forwardThere are two main types of covalent bond breakage. In ho-molytic breakage , each atom in the bond gets one of the shared electrons. In some cases, the electronega-tivity of adjacent atoms affects the bond energy. In heterolytic breakage, one atom gets both electrons and the other gets none;thus, a cation and an anion form. (a) Why is the C−C bond in H₃C−CF₃(423 kJ/mol) strongerthan that in H₃C−CH₃(376 kJ/mol)?(b) Use bond energy and any other data to calculate the heat ofreaction for the heterolytic cleavage of O₂.arrow_forwardFor each statement, indicate whether it is true or false. (a) The greater the orbital overlap in a bond, the weaker the bond. [b] The greater the orbital overlap in a bond, the shorter the bond. [c] To create a hybrid orbital, you could use the s orbital on one atom with a p orbital on another atom. [d] Nonbonding electron pairs cannot occupy a hybrid orbital.arrow_forward
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