(a)
Interpretation:
The type of interactive forces which should be overcome for evaporation of
Concept Introduction:
The set of repulsive and attractive force between molecules that result from the polarity between neighboring molecules is represented as intermolecular force. There are four types of intermolecular forces:
- Hydrogen bonding.
- London dispersion force.
- Ion – dipole force.
- Dipole – Dipole force.
(b)
Interpretation:
The type of interactive forces which should be overcome for decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Refer to (a).
(c)
Interpretation:
The type of interactive forces which should be overcome melting of urea has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Refer to (a).
(d)
Interpretation:
The type of interactive forces which should be overcome for the boiling of liquid
Concept Introduction:
Refer to (a).
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Chemistry: The Molecular Science
- (b) (i) Draw the Lewis structure of methanol, CH3OH(ℓ). (ii) Show with a simple diagram how methanol dissolves in water. Explain.arrow_forward1) Using principles of chemical bonding and/or intermolecular forces, explain each of the following. (a) Xenon has a higher boiling point than neon has. (b) Solid copper is an excellent conductor of electricity, but solid copper chloride is not. (c) SiO2 melts at a very high temperature, while CO2 is a gas at room temperature, even though Si and C are in the same chemical family. (d) Molecules of NF3 are polar, but those of BF3 are not. 2) Using principles of chemical bonding and/or intermolecular forces, explain each of the following: (a) MgCl2 and SiCl4 (b) MgCl2 and MgF2 (c) F2 and Br2 (d) F2 and N2 Note: Please Briefly Explainarrow_forward(a) (b) (c) Br Br Nal acetone NaCN NaSCH 3arrow_forward
- 18. (a) Molecule N₂H4 (1) + 2 H₂O2 (1) → N2(g) + 4 H₂O (1) Complete the following table: Lewis Dot Structure (use dots or lines to show bonds) (b) (c) (d) N₂H4 H₂O2 N₂ H₂O Calculate the AH°rxn using average bond energies (Table 9.4 in textbook) Calculate the AH°rxn using the standard enthalpies of formation (Appendix 2 in textbook) Why are these two values slightly different?arrow_forwardComplete and balance the following acid-base equations:(a) A solution of HClO4 is added to a solution of LiOH.(b) Aqueous H2SO4 reacts with NaOH.(c) Ba(OH)2 reacts with HF gas.arrow_forwardChlorine dioxide gas (ClO2) is used as a commercial bleachingagent. It bleaches materials by oxidizing them. In thecourse of these reactions, the ClO2 is itself reduced. (a)What is the Lewis structure for ClO2? (b) Why do you thinkthat ClO2 is reduced so readily? (c) When a ClO2 moleculegains an electron, the chlorite ion, ClO2-, forms. Draw theLewis structure for ClO2-. (d) Predict the O—Cl—O bondangle in the ClO2- ion. (e) One method of preparing ClO2is by the reaction of chlorine and sodium chlorite:Cl2(g) + 2 NaClO2(s)------>2 ClO2(g) + 2 NaCl(s)If you allow 15.0 g of NaClO2 to react with 2.00 L of chlorinegas at a pressure of 1.50 atm at 21 °C, how many gramsof ClO2 can be prepared?arrow_forward
- Phosphoric acid, one of the acids used in some cola drinks, is produced by the reaction of phosphorus(V) oxide, an acidic oxide, with water. Phosphorus(V) oxide is prepared by the combustion of phosphorus.(a) Write the empirical formula of phosphorus(V) oxide.(b) What is the molecular formula of phosphorus(V) oxide if the molar mass is about 280.(c) Write balanced equations for the production of phosphorus(V) oxide and phosphoric acid.(d) Determine the mass of phosphorus required to make 1.00 × 104 kg of phosphoric acid, assuming a yield of 98.85%.arrow_forward4. Write and balance the combustion reaction of methyl sorbate, C;H10O2.arrow_forwardCompounds such as NaBH4, Al(BH4)3, and LiAlH4 are complex hydrides used as reducing agents in many syntheses. (a) Give the oxidation state of each element in these compounds. (b) Write a Lewis structure for the polyatomic anion in NaBH4, and predict its shape.arrow_forward
- Compounds such as NaBH₄, Al(BH₄)₃, and LiAlH₄ arecomplex hydrides used as reducing agents in many syntheses.(a) Give the oxidation state of each element in these compounds.(b) Write a Lewis structure for the polyatomic anion in NaBH₄,and predict its shape.arrow_forwardThe organic molecules shown here are derivatives of benzene in which six-membered rings are “fused” at the edges of the hexagons. (a) Determine the empirical formula of benzene and of these three compounds. (b) Suppose you are given a sample of one of the compounds. Could combustion analysis be used to determine unambiguously which of the three it is? (c) Naphthalene, the active ingredient in mothballs, is a white solid. Write a balanced equation for the combustion of naphthalene to CO2(g) and H2O(g). (d) Using the Lewis structure for naphthalene and the average bond enthalpies in Table 8.4, estimate the heat of combustion of naphthalene in kJ/mol. (e) Would you expect naphthalene, anthracene, and tetracene to have multiple resonance structures? If so, draw the additional resonance structures for naphthalene. (f) Benzene, naphthalene, and anthracene are colorless, but tetracene is orange. What does this imply…arrow_forwardUsing principles of chemical bonding and/or intermolecular forces, explain each of the following. (a) Xenon has a higher boiling point than neon has. (b) Solid copper is an excellent conductor of electricity, but solid copper chloride is not. (c) SiO2 melts at a very high temperature, while CO2 is a gas at room temperature, even though Si and C are in the same chemical family. Note: Please briefly explain A-C. Thank youarrow_forward
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning