Concept explainers
a)
Interpretation:
Curved arrows are to be drawn to show the flow of electrons in the given reaction. The structure of carbon radical that is formed when the halogen radical add to the
Concept introduction:
In reactions involving free radicals homolytic cleavage of covalent bonds takes place. The free radicals produced in the initiation step reacts with the other reactant present in the propagation steps to yield new radicals.
To draw:
Curved arrows to show the flow of electrons in the given reaction and to show the structure of carbon radical that is formed when the halogen radical add to the alkenes.
b)
Interpretation:
Curved arrows are to be drawn to show the flow of electrons in the given reaction. The structure of carbon radical that is formed when the halogen radical add to the alkenes is to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
In reactions involving free radicals homolytic cleavage of covalent bonds takes place. The free radicals produced in the initiation step reacts with the other reactant present in the propagation steps to yield new radicals.
To draw:
Curved arrows to show the flow of electrons in the given reaction and to show the structure of carbon radical that is formed when the halogen radical add to the alkenes.
c)
Interpretation:
Curved arrows are to be drawn to show the flow of electrons in the given reaction. The structure of carbon radical that is formed when the halogen radical add to the alkenes is to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
In reactions involving free radicals homolytic cleavage of covalent bonds takes place. The free radicals produced in the initiation step reacts with the other reactant present in the propagation steps to yield new radicals.
To draw:
Curved arrows to show the flow of electrons in the given reaction and to show the structure of carbon radical that is formed when the halogen radical add to the alkenes.
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Chapter 6 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- Draw the structures of the two carbocation intermediates that might form during the reaction of propene (above) with HBr.arrow_forwardStart with a cyclohexane. Add double bonds at the 1st, 3rd, and 5th carbons. Add two methyl groups with 1 carbon separating them. Add 1 bromine on the carbon that is in between the two methyls.arrow_forwardDo a and barrow_forward
- Draw the structure(s) of the major organic product(s) of the following reaction. You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms. • Do not include lone pairs in your answer. They will not be considered in the grading. • If no reaction occurs, draw the organic starting material. • Draw one structure per sketcher. Add additional sketchers using the drop-down menu in the bottom right corner. • Separate multiple products using the + sign from the drop-down menu. + Ag₂O/ aqueous THF, 0⁰ TIX. ? ChemDoodleⓇ ▾ < баarrow_forwardDraw the structure(s) of the major organic product(s) of the following reaction. H H You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms. • Do not include lone pairs in your answer. They will not be considered in the grading. • If no reaction occurs, draw the organic starting material. • Draw one structure per sketcher. Add additional sketchers using the drop-down menu in the bottom right corner. • Separate multiple products using the + sign from the drop-down menu. 1. LIAIH4 / dry Et₂0 2. aqueous HCI 2 OOD OO. [F ChemDoodleⓇ < 26arrow_forwardCurved arrows are used to illustrate the flow of electrons. Use the reaction conditions provided and follow the arrows to draw the reactant, intermediates, and product in this condensation reaction. Include all lone pairs and charges as appropriate. Ignore stereochemistry. Ignore inorganic byproducts. CH3ONA, CH3OH Select to Draw heat CH3ON a, CH3OH heatarrow_forward
- Curved arrows are used to illustrate the flow of electrons. Use the reaction conditions provided and follow the arrows to draw the reactant, intermediates, and product in this condensation reaction. Include all lone pairs and charges as appropriate. Ignore stereochemistry. Ignore inorganic byproducts.arrow_forward3. Why did breaking the P-C single bond lead to the formation of 2 species containing a free radical (ie. where did those 2 electrons come from)? 4. Do you think the photoinitiator 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone would require a shorter or longer wavelength of light to create a free radical? Explain your answer using the table provided in question #2 (be specific). The structure of 2-hydroxy-2- methylpropiophenone is shown below. CH3 Figure 5: Structure of 2-hydroxy-2- methylpropiophenone. The wavy line shows OH the bond that is photo-sensitive (ie. the bond that will be broken by light). (Taken from Tehfe et al. 2013, http://www.mdpi.com/2076- 3417/3/2/490/htm) ČH3 5. Why is the PEGDA monomer soluble in water, but the polymer is not? In other words, why do you think forming a large molecule would lead to the formation of a solid? (Hint: think about the movement of molecules in a liquid vs solid phase). 6. Thinking about the octet rule, why do you think many free radicals are very…arrow_forwardUsing Zaitsev's rule, choose the most stable alkene among the following. Draw out the structures of each of the options then select the correct answer. Recall that Zaitsev's Rule is about alkene stability. The trend for this is similar to the trend for carbocation stability. Either more or fewer groups on the alkene (and the carbocation) make it more stable. This question is wanting you to remember if it's more or fewer. A) 1,2-dimethylcyclohexene B) 1,6-dimethylcyclohexene C) cis-3,4-dimethylcyclohexene D) They are all of equal stability according to Zaitsev's rule. Provide the major dehydration product of the following reaction. Recall which of the four substitution and elimination reactions a dehydration is. Before you do your S# or EF mechanism, remember what heteroatoms do in the presence of an acid (aka-the-OH is a bad leaving group, but protonating it might turn it into a good one). Don't forget to apply the concept from the previous question. OH Ht Aarrow_forward
- Draw the two addition products formed when the alkene shown below reacts with HCl and circle the one which would be the major product according to Markovnikov’s rule.arrow_forwardDraw the structure of the alkene that will give the alcohol in Figure 10 as the main product.arrow_forwardAn ether can be prepared from an alkene and an alcohol by electrophilic addition, as shown in the reaction below. H+ CH₂CH₂OH Complete the mechanism for this reaction by adding curved arrows and products. Add steps as necessary, and be sure to include lone pairs and charges where relevant.arrow_forward