LCPO CHEMISTRY W/MODIFIED MASTERING
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780135214756
Author: Robinson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 6, Problem 6.99SP
Order the following compounds according to their expected lattice energies:
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Consider an ionic compound, MX3, composed of generic metal M and generic gaseous halogen X.
The enthalpy of formation of MX3 is ΔHf∘=−965 kJ/mol.
The enthalpy of sublimation of M is ΔHsub=123 kJ/mol.
The first, second, and third ionization energies of M are IE1=557 kJ?mol, IE2=1751 kJ/mol, and IE3=2731 kJ/mol.
The electron affinity of X is ΔHEA=−339 kJ/mol
The bond energy of X2 is BE=235 kJ/mol.
Determine the lattice energy of MX3.
Use the data provided below to calculate the lattice energy of RbCl. Is this value greater or less than thelattice energy of NaCl? Explain.Electron affinity of Cl = –349 kJ/mol1st ionization energy of Rb = 403 kJ/molBond energy of Cl2 = 242 kJ/molSublimation energy of Rb = 86.5 kJ/molΔHf [RbCl (s)] = –430.5 kJ/mol
1) Calculate the lattice energy for NaCl(s) using a Born-Haber cycle and the following
information:
NaCl(s) → Nat(g) + Cl-(g)
Na(s) + 1/2 C12(g) → NaCl(s)
Na(s) → Na(g)
Na(g) → Na+(g) + e-
1/2 C12(g) → Cl(g)
Cl(g) + e- → Cl-(g)
?
-411.0 kJ/mol
+107.3 kJ/mol
+495.8 kJ/mol
+121.7 kJ/mol
-348.6 kJ/mol
Chapter 6 Solutions
LCPO CHEMISTRY W/MODIFIED MASTERING
Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.1PCh. 6 - APPLY 6.2 Which of the following sets of ions are...Ch. 6 - Which atom or ion has the largest radius:...Ch. 6 - Conceptual APPLY 6.4 Which of the following...Ch. 6 - Use the periodic table to order the elements from...Ch. 6 - Given the orbital filling diagrams for the valence...Ch. 6 - Which has the largest third ionization energy: Be,...Ch. 6 - Conceptual APPLY 6.8 The figure on the right...Ch. 6 - Order the following elements from least to most...Ch. 6 - Conceptual APPLY 6.10 Which of the indicated three...
Ch. 6 - What electron configuration does the strontium...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.12ACh. 6 - Prob. 6.13PCh. 6 - APPLY 6.14 Calculate the energy of electrostatic...Ch. 6 - Which substance has the largest lattice energy:...Ch. 6 - One of the following pictures represents NaCl and...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.17PCh. 6 - What structural features do ionic liquids havethat...Ch. 6 - PROBLEM 6.18 Compare the following two ionic...Ch. 6 - PROBLEM 6.19 An ionic liquid consisting of a bulky...Ch. 6 - Where on the periodic table would you find the...Ch. 6 - Which of the following spheres is likely to...Ch. 6 - Circle the approximate part or parts of the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.24CPCh. 6 - This figure represents the successive ionization...Ch. 6 - In the following drawings, red spheres represent...Ch. 6 - Which of the following drawings is more likely to...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.28CPCh. 6 - Which of the following alkali metal halides has...Ch. 6 - Which of the following alkali metal halides has...Ch. 6 - Three binary compounds are represented on the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.32CPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.33CPCh. 6 - What is the difference between a covalent bond and...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.35SPCh. 6 - What is the difference between a molecule and an...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.37SPCh. 6 - How many protons and electrons are in each of the...Ch. 6 - What is the identity of the element X in the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.40SPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.41SPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.42SPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.43SPCh. 6 - What doubly positive ion has the following...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.45SPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.46SPCh. 6 - Which element in the transition-metal series Sc...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.48SPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.49SPCh. 6 - Order the following ions from smallest to largest:...Ch. 6 - Order the following ions from smallest to largest:...Ch. 6 - Which ion has a larger atomic radius, Cu+ or Cu2+...Ch. 6 - Which ion hasa larger atomic radius, Fe2+ or Fe3+...Ch. 6 - The following ions all have the same number of...Ch. 6 - Which of the ions Se2,F,O2 and Rb+ has the largest...Ch. 6 - Which group of elements in the periodic table has...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.57SPCh. 6 - Which element in each of the following sets has...Ch. 6 - Order the elements in each set from the smallest...Ch. 6 - (a) Which has the smaller second ionization...Ch. 6 - (a) Which has the smaller fourth ionization...Ch. 6 - Three atoms have the following electron...Ch. 6 - Three atoms have the following electron...Ch. 6 - The first four ionization energies in kJ/mol of a...Ch. 6 - The first four ionization energies in kJ/mol of a...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.66SPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.67SPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.68SPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.69SPCh. 6 - Why is energy usually released when an electron is...Ch. 6 - Why does ionization energy increase regularly...Ch. 6 - No element has a negative second electron...Ch. 6 - Why does phosphorus have a less negative electron...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.74SPCh. 6 - What noble-gas configurations and charge are the...Ch. 6 - Each of the following pairs of elements will react...Ch. 6 - Each of the following pairs of elements will react...Ch. 6 - Element X reacts with element Y to give a product...Ch. 6 - Element X reacts with element Y to give a product...Ch. 6 - Calculate the energy change in kilojoules per mole...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.81SPCh. 6 - Find the lattice energy of LiBr(s) in Table 6.3,...Ch. 6 - Look up the lattice energies in Table 6.3, and...Ch. 6 - Born-4-Iaber cycles, such as those shown in...Ch. 6 - Calculate a lattice energy for CaH2(s) in...Ch. 6 - Calculate the overall energy change in kilojoules...Ch. 6 - The estimated lattice energy for CsF2(s) is +2347...Ch. 6 - Calculate the overall energy change in kilojoules...Ch. 6 - Use the data in Problem 6.88 to calculate an...Ch. 6 - Use the data and the result in Problem 6.84 to...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.91SPCh. 6 - Calculate overall energy changes in kilojoules per...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.93SPCh. 6 - We saw in Section 6.7 that the reaction of solid...Ch. 6 - Draw a Born—Haber cycle for the reaction of sodium...Ch. 6 - Use the following information plus the data given...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.97SPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.98SPCh. 6 - Order the following compounds according to their...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.100MPCh. 6 - Heating elemental cesium and platinum together for...Ch. 6 - Given the following information, construct a...Ch. 6 - Consider the electronic structure of the element...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.104MPCh. 6 - The ionization energy of an atom can be measured...
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- Of the five elements Sn, Si, Sb, O, Te, which has the most endothermic reaction? (E represents an atom.) What name is given to the energy for the reaction? E(g)E+(g)+earrow_forwardThe lattice energy of an ionic solid such as NaCl is the enthalpy change H for the process in which the solid changes to ions. For example, NaCl(s)Na+(g)+Cl(g)H=786kJ/mol Assume that the ionization energy and electron a affinity are H values for the processes defined by those terms. The ionization energy of Na is 496 kJ/mol. Use this, the electron affinity from Table 8.4, and the lattice energy of NaCl to calculate H for the following process: Na(g)+Cl(g)NaCl(s)arrow_forwardSolid phosphorus pentabromide, PBr5, has been shown to have the ionic structure [PBr4] [Br]. Write the electron-dot formula of the PBr4+ cation.arrow_forward
- 7.107 How do the Lewis symbols for C, Si, and Ge reflect the similarity in their electron configurations?arrow_forwardGiven: Enthalpy of atomisation of calcium =+ 178 kJ First ionisation energy of calcium =+590 kJ Second ionisation energy of calcium = +1145 kJ Enthalpy of atomisation of chlorine =+ 121 kJ Electron affinity of chlorine Lattice energy of calcium chloride =- 2258 kJ = - 346 kJ Construct a Born-Haber cycle for calcium chloride, CaCl2 by using the data given above. Hence, calculate the enthalpy of formation of calcium chloride. b. The enthalpy of solution for calcium chloride crystal is -81.3 kJ mol'. Based on the data from the above Born-Haber cycle, calculate the enthalpy change for the reaction below: Ca" (g) + 2CI (g)–→ Ca* (aq) + 2CI¯ (aq)arrow_forwardWhat has the highest number valence electrons: N, Ca, O, As, or I?arrow_forward
- Calculate the lattice energy of NaBr(s), given the following thermochemical equations, where A/E and AEA are ionization energy and electron affinity, respectively. Na(s)Na(g) AH = +107 kJ Na(g) Nat(g) + e A/E = +496 kJ -> 1/2 Br₂(g) → Br(g) AHf = +112 kJ - Br(g) + e¯ → Br¯(g) AEA = -325 kJ Na(s) + 1/2 Br₂(g) → NaBr(s) AH = -361 kJ ->> - -1401 kJ -751 kJ +29 kJ -29 kJ +751 kJarrow_forwardWhat ions are possible for the two largest stable elements in Group 4A(14)? How does each arise?arrow_forward2arrow_forward
- Which ionic compounds would have the greatestlattice energy: NaCl, KCl, or MgC l 2 ? Explain youranswer.arrow_forward3. Of the elements Nd, Al, and Ar, which will readily form(s) +3 ions? Why? 4. The atomic radii of Na and Cl are 190 and 79 pm, respectively, but the distance between sodium and chlorine in NaCl is 282 pm. Explain this discrepancy.arrow_forwardI'm not sure how to solve this one.arrow_forward
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