Problem 6.1P Problem 6.2A: APPLY 6.2 Which of the following sets of ions are isoelectronic? (a) F, Cl, Br (b) Ti4+, Ca2+, Cl... Problem 6.3P: Which atom or ion has the largest radius: Fe,Fe2+,orFe2+ ? Problem 6.4A: Conceptual APPLY 6.4 Which of the following spheres represents a K+ ion, which a Ca2+ ion, and which... Problem 6.5P: Use the periodic table to order the elements from lowest to high estionization energy: Se, O, Rb. Problem 6.6A: Given the orbital filling diagrams for the valence electrons of elements, rank them from lowest to... Problem 6.7P: Which has the largest third ionization energy: Be, C, or N? Problem 6.8A: Conceptual APPLY 6.8 The figure on the right represents the successive ionization energies of an... Problem 6.9P: Order the following elements from least to most favorable electronaffinity: Ge, As, Br. (The most... Problem 6.10A: Conceptual APPLY 6.10 Which of the indicated three elements has the least favorable Eea, and which... Problem 6.11P: What electron configuration does the strontium atom have in SrCO3 ? Problem 6.12A Problem 6.13P Problem 6.14A: APPLY 6.14 Calculate the energy of electrostatic attractions of L1CI(s). The following information... Problem 6.15P: Which substance has the largest lattice energy: SrF2,CuI2, CsI, or MgO? Problem 6.16A: One of the following pictures represents NaCl and onerepresents MgO. Which is which, and which has... Problem 6.17P Problem 6.18P: What structural features do ionic liquids havethat prevent them from forming solids easily? Problem 6.19P: PROBLEM 6.18 Compare the following two ionic liquids: tetraheptylammonium bromide and... Problem 6.20P: PROBLEM 6.19 An ionic liquid consisting of a bulky amine cation and chloride anion has a melting... Problem 6.21CP: Where on the periodic table would you find the element that has an ion with each of the following... Problem 6.22CP: Which of the following spheres is likely to represent a metal atom, and which a nonmetal atom? Which... Problem 6.23CP: Circle the approximate part or parts of the periodic table where the following elements appear: (a)... Problem 6.24CP Problem 6.25CP: This figure represents the successive ionization energy of an atom in the third period of the... Problem 6.26CP: In the following drawings, red spheres represent cations and blue spheres represent anions. Match... Problem 6.27CP: Which of the following drawings is more likely to represent an ionic compound, and which a covalent... Problem 6.28CP Problem 6.29CP: Which of the following alkali metal halides has the largest lattice energy, and which has the... Problem 6.30CP: Which of the following alkali metal halides has the larger lattice energy, and which has the smaller... Problem 6.31CP: Three binary compounds are represented on the following drawing: red with red, blue with blue, and... Problem 6.32CP Problem 6.33CP Problem 6.34SP: What is the difference between a covalent bond and an ionic bond? Problem 6.35SP Problem 6.36SP: What is the difference between a molecule and an ion? Problem 6.37SP Problem 6.38SP: How many protons and electrons are in each of the following ions? (a) Be2+ (b) Rb+ (c) Se2 (d) Au3+ Problem 6.39SP: What is the identity of the element X in the following ions? (a) X2+, a cation that has 36 electrons... Problem 6.40SP Problem 6.41SP Problem 6.42SP Problem 6.43SP Problem 6.44SP: What doubly positive ion has the following ground-state electron configuration? 1s22s22p6 Problem 6.45SP Problem 6.46SP Problem 6.47SP: Which element in the transition-metal series Sc through Zn has five unpaired electrons in its +3... Problem 6.48SP Problem 6.49SP Problem 6.50SP: Order the following ions from smallest to largest: Sr2+,Se2,Br,Rb+ . Problem 6.51SP: Order the following ions from smallest to largest: Mg2+,O2,F,Na+ . Problem 6.52SP: Which ion has a larger atomic radius, Cu+ or Cu2+ ? Explainyour reasoning. Problem 6.53SP: Which ion hasa larger atomic radius, Fe2+ or Fe3+ ? Explain your reasoning. Problem 6.54SP: The following ions all have the same number of electrons: Ti4+,Sc3+,Ca2+,S2 . Order them according... Problem 6.55SP: Which of the ions Se2,F,O2 and Rb+ has the largest radius? Explain. Problem 6.56SP: Which group of elements in the periodic table has the largest Ei1 , and which group has the... Problem 6.57SP Problem 6.58SP: Which element in each of the following sets has the smallest first ionization energy, and which has... Problem 6.59SP: Order the elements in each set from the smallest to largest firstionization energy. (a) Na, I, P(b)... Problem 6.60SP: (a) Which has the smaller second ionization energy, K or Ca? (b) Which has the larger third... Problem 6.61SP: (a) Which has the smaller fourth ionization energy, Sn or Sb? (b) Which has the larger sixth... Problem 6.62SP: Three atoms have the following electron configurations: (a) 1s22s22p63s23p3 (b) 1s22s22p63s23p6 (c)... Problem 6.63SP: Three atoms have the following electron configurations: (a) 1s22s22p63s23p1 (b) 1s22s22p63s23p5 (c)... Problem 6.64SP: The first four ionization energies in kJ/mol of a certain secondrow element are 801, 2427, 3660, and... Problem 6.65SP: The first four ionization energies in kJ/mol of a certain second-row element are 900, 1757, 14,849,... Problem 6.66SP Problem 6.67SP Problem 6.68SP Problem 6.69SP Problem 6.70SP: Why is energy usually released when an electron is added toa neutral atom but absorbed when an... Problem 6.71SP: Why does ionization energy increase regularly across theperiodic table from group 1A to group 8A,... Problem 6.72SP: No element has a negative second electron affinity. That is,the process A(g)+eA2(g) is unfavorable... Problem 6.73SP: Why does phosphorus have a less negative electron affinitythan its neighbors silicon and sulfur? Problem 6.74SP Problem 6.75SP: What noble-gas configurations and charge are the following elements likely to attain in reactions in... Problem 6.76SP: Each of the following pairs of elements will react to form a binary ionic compound. Write the... Problem 6.77SP: Each of the following pairs of elements will react to form a binary ionic compound. Write the... Problem 6.78SP: Element X reacts with element Y to give a product containing X3+ ions and Y2 ions (a) Is element X... Problem 6.79SP: Element X reacts with element Y to give a product containing X2+ ions and Y2 ions. (a) Is element X... Problem 6.80SP: Calculate the energy change in kilojoules per mole when lithium atoms lose an electron to bromine... Problem 6.81SP Problem 6.82SP: Find the lattice energy of LiBr(s) in Table 6.3, and calculate the energy change in kilojoules for... Problem 6.83SP: Look up the lattice energies in Table 6.3, and calculate the energy change in kilojoules per mole... Problem 6.84SP: Born-4-Iaber cycles, such as those shown in Figures 6.7 and 6.8,are called cycles because they form... Problem 6.85SP: Calculate a lattice energy for CaH2(s) in kilojoules per mole using the following information... Problem 6.86SP: Calculate the overall energy change in kilojoules per mole for the formation of CsF(s) from its... Problem 6.87SP: The estimated lattice energy for CsF2(s) is +2347 kJ/mol. Use the data given in Problem 6.86 to... Problem 6.88SP: Calculate the overall energy change in kilojoules per mole for the formation of CaCl(s) from the... Problem 6.89SP: Use the data in Problem 6.88 to calculate an overall energy change for the formation of CaCl2(s)... Problem 6.90SP: Use the data and the result in Problem 6.84 to draw a Born-Haber cycle for the formation of NaH(s)... Problem 6.91SP Problem 6.92SP: Calculate overall energy changes in kilojoules per mole for the formation of MgF(s) and MgF2(s) from... Problem 6.93SP Problem 6.94SP: We saw in Section 6.7 that the reaction of solid sodium with giseous chlorine to yield solid sodium... Problem 6.95SP: Draw a Born—Haber cycle for the reaction of sodium with chlorine to yield chlorine sodide (Problem... Problem 6.96SP: Use the following information plus the data given in Tables6.2 and 6.3 to calculate the second... Problem 6.97SP Problem 6.98SP Problem 6.99SP: Order the following compounds according to their expected lattice energies: AlBr3,MgBr2 , LiBr, CaO. Problem 6.100MP Problem 6.101MP: Heating elemental cesium and platinum together for two day sat 973 K gives a dark red ionic compound... Problem 6.102MP: Given the following information, construct a Born-’Habercycle to calculate the lattice energy of... Problem 6.103MP: Consider the electronic structure of the element bismuth. (a) The first ionization energy of bismuth... Problem 6.104MP Problem 6.105MP: The ionization energy of an atom can be measured by photo electron spectroscopy, in which light of... format_list_bulleted