Chapter 6, Problem 22P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ reaction of each given pair, which is expected to take place more rapidly, is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The nucleophilic substitutions in which a nucleophile replaces a leaving group are known as ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ reactions.

These reactions are unimolecular as the rate of reaction is dependent on the concentration of a single reactant, that is, the reaction is of first order. The rate determine step of this reaction is the one in which the carbocation is generated. Tertiary carbocations are most stable and undergo these reactions much faster.

Polar protic solvents suit ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ reactions.

In this reaction, if the concentration of substrate increases, it results in an increase in the rate of reaction.