EBK MICROBIOLOGY:W/DISEASES BY BODY...-
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780134608242
Author: BAUMAN
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 5, Problem 5CT
Giardia intestinalis and Entamoeba histolytica are protozoa that live in the colons of mammals and can cause life-threatening diarrhea. Interestingly, these microbes lack mitochondria. What kind of pathway must they have for carbohydrate catabolism?
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Define the following terms: (2-3 sentences)1. Metabolism2. Glycolysis3. Beta oxidation4. Chemiosmosis5. Deamination6. Transamination7. Oxidation8. Reduction
Select which of the following enzymes unique to glycolysis are also sites of regulation for glycolysis. Select all that apply.
a) glyceraldehyde 3 P dehydrogenase
b) PFK
c) pyruvate kinase
d) hexokinase
e) enolase
f) phosphoglycerate mutase
Chapter 5 Solutions
EBK MICROBIOLOGY:W/DISEASES BY BODY...-
Ch. 5 - How can oxidation take place in an anaerobic...Ch. 5 - Why do electrons carried by NADH allow for...Ch. 5 - Why does catabolism of amino acids for energy...Ch. 5 - An uninformed student describes the Calvin-Benson...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5TMWCh. 5 - Why is feedback inhibition necessary for...Ch. 5 - Breaks a large molecule into smaller ones a....Ch. 5 - Includes dehydration synthesis reactions a....Ch. 5 - Prob. 3MCCh. 5 - Prob. 4MC
Ch. 5 - Involves the production of cell membrane...Ch. 5 - Includes hydrolytic reactions a. anabolism only b....Ch. 5 - Includes metabolism a. anabolism only b. both...Ch. 5 - Prob. 8MCCh. 5 - A reduced molecule _________. a. has gained...Ch. 5 - Prob. 10MCCh. 5 - Coenzymes are ________. a. types of apoenzymes b....Ch. 5 - Which of the following statements best describes...Ch. 5 - Which of the following does not affect the...Ch. 5 - Most oxidation reactions in bacteria involve the...Ch. 5 - Under ideal conditions, the fermentation of one...Ch. 5 - Under ideal conditions, the complete aerobic...Ch. 5 - Which of the following statements about the...Ch. 5 - Reactions involved in the light-independent...Ch. 5 - The glycolysis pathway is basically __________. a....Ch. 5 - A major difference between anaerobic respiration...Ch. 5 - 1. _______ Occurs when energy from a compound...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 1. The final electron acceptor...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 2. Two ATP molecules are used...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 3. The initial catabolism of...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 4. ________ is a cyclic series...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 5. The final electron acceptor...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 6. Three common inorganic...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 7. Anaerobic respiration...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 8. Complete the following...Ch. 5 - Prob. 9FIBCh. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 10 The main coenzymes that...Ch. 5 - VISUALIZE IT! 1 Label the mitochondrion to...Ch. 5 - Label the diagram below to indicate acetyl-CoA,...Ch. 5 - Examine the biosynthetic pathway for the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1SACh. 5 - Why we enzymes necessary for anabolic reactions to...Ch. 5 - How do organisms control the rate of metabolic...Ch. 5 - How does a nor-competitive inhibitor at a single...Ch. 5 - Explain the mechanism of negative feedback with...Ch. 5 - Facultative anaerobes can live under either...Ch. 5 - How does oxidation of a molecule occur without...Ch. 5 - List at least four groups of microorganisms that...Ch. 5 - Why do we breathe oxygen and give of carbon...Ch. 5 - Why do cyanobacteria and algae take in carbon...Ch. 5 - What happens to the carbon atoms in sugar...Ch. 5 - How do yeast cells make alcohol and cause bread to...Ch. 5 - Where specifically does the most significant...Ch. 5 - Why are vitamins essential metabolic factors for...Ch. 5 - A laboratory scientist notices that a cer1ain...Ch. 5 - Arsenic is a poison that exists in two states in...Ch. 5 - Explain why an excess of all three of the amino...Ch. 5 - Why might an organism that uses glycolysis and the...Ch. 5 - Describe how bacterial fermentation causes milk to...Ch. 5 - Giardia intestinalis and Entamoeba histolytica are...Ch. 5 - Two cultures of a facultative anaerobe are grown...Ch. 5 - What is the maximum number of molecules of ATP...Ch. 5 - In terms of its effects on human metabolism, why...Ch. 5 - Cyanide is a potent poison because it irreversibly...Ch. 5 - How are photophosphorylation and oxidative...Ch. 5 - Members of the pathogenic bacterial genus...Ch. 5 - Compare and contrast aerobic respiration,...Ch. 5 - Scientists estimate that up to one-third of Earths...Ch. 5 - A young student was troubled by the idea that a...Ch. 5 - If a bacterium uses beta-oxidation to catabolize a...Ch. 5 - Some desert rodents rarely have water to drink....Ch. 5 - Prob. 17CTCh. 5 - We have examined the total ATP, NADH, and FADH2...Ch. 5 - Explain why hyperthermophiles do not cause disease...Ch. 5 - In addition to extremes in temperature and pH,...Ch. 5 - Figure 5.18b illustrates events in aerobic...Ch. 5 - Suppose you could insert a tiny pH probe into the...Ch. 5 - Even though Pseudomonas aeruginosa and...Ch. 5 - Photosynthetic organisms are rarely pathogenic....Ch. 5 - Prob. 25CTCh. 5 - A scientist moves a green plant grown in sunlight...Ch. 5 - What class of enzyme is involved in amination...Ch. 5 - Using the following terms, fill in the following...
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- Would gut fermentation syndrome best be described as anabolic or catabolic? Besides the alcoholic pathway, what other pathway exists for the fermentation of carbohydrates?arrow_forwardDefine the following terms: a. thiolytic cleavage b. ketogenesis c. ketone bodies d. α-oxidation e. ACCarrow_forwardPlease explain why B)[ under anaerobic conditions most pyruvate is fermented to ethanol]is wrong and give me the correct answerarrow_forward
- The key regulatory enzymes in glycolysis are: A) hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, and pyruvate kinase. B) hexokinase, phosphoglycerate kinase, and pyruvate kinase. phosphoglycerate kinase, pyruvate kinase, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. C) hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.arrow_forwardDuring the metabolism of glucose in anaerobic cells, the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase is essential to allow glycolysis to continue. This enzyme catalyzes the reduction of pyruvate to lactate. Why is this so essential? OA) It lowers the pH. B) It re-oxidizes NADH to NAD+. C) Lactate stimulates hexokinase activity. D) Pyruvate inhibits pyruvate kinase.arrow_forwardA molecule which stimulates glycolysis in liver tissue, but inhibits gluconeogenesis is a) oxaloacetate b) pyruvate c) fructose 2,6-biphosphate d) alpha ketoglutarate Which bifunctional enzyme is found in liver tissue which regulates glycolysis and gluconeogenesis? A) hexokinase/glucokinase b) PFK-2/fructose 2,6-biphosphatase c) pyruvate dehydrogenase / pyruvate kinase d) aldolase/triose isomerase An archetypal channel pore is the same thing as: a) a symporter b) an antiporter c) a 7-TM receptor d) a selectivity filter MDR protein is also called: a) alpha-protease b) p-glycoprotein c) the Na/K pump d) cholecystokinin In hemoglobin, which of these molecules binds to heme? A) oxygen b) CO2 c) BPG d) all of these Which of these is not associated with the insulin receptor? A) IRS b) cyclic AMP c) PIP3 d) AKT The beta barrel motif is often found in which types of proteins? A) pore and channel proteins b) proteases c) 7-TM receptors d)…arrow_forward
- Now answer the following questions: 1. Is this patient experiencing a disorder affecting anaerobic or aerobic metabolism? a) disorder affecting anaerobic metabolism. b) disorder affecting aerobic metabolism. c) None of them d) Both 2. You decide to perform assays to check the activity of one or more metabolic enzymes in the red blood cells. Which enzyme(s) would you check? a) Amylase b) Enzymes of pentose phosphate pathways c) Transaminase enzymes d) hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, and pyruvate kinasearrow_forwardWhat is glycolytic catabolism? Why is it also called anaerobic catabolism?arrow_forwardWhich of the following enzymes are involved in gluconeogenesis ? a) Pyruvate carboxylase b) phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase c) phosphofructokinase 1 d) glucose 6 phosphatase e) Pyruvate dehydrogenasearrow_forward
- Which of the following citric acid cycle enzymes catalyzes substrate-level phosphorylation? A) isocitrate dehydrogenase B) α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase C) succinyl CoA synthetase D) succinate dehydrogenase E) malate dehydrogenasearrow_forwardWhy is fructose metabolized more rapidly than glucose?arrow_forwardBacteroides is the predominant genus of bacteria found in the human gut microbiota. As anaerobic bacteria, Bacteroides undergo fermentation in the gut, converting otherwise nondigestible carbohydrates into fermentation products that are used by the host for energy. Which of the following toxins would be most likely to disrupt carbohydrate metabolism in Bacteroides species? * a toxin that inhibits the function of ATP synthase a toxin that prevents the formation of Krebs cycle products a toxin that inhibits the function of an enzyme during glycolysis a toxin that breaks down the membrane proteins of the electron transport chainarrow_forward
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