EBK MICROBIOLOGY:W/DISEASES BY BODY...-
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780134608242
Author: BAUMAN
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 1CT
Arsenic is a poison that exists in two states in the environment arsenite (H2AsO3–) and arsenate (H2AsO4–). Arsenite dissolves in water, making the water dangerous to drink. Arsenate is less soluble and binds to minerals, making this form of arsenic less toxic in the environment. Some strains of the bacterium Thermus oxidize arsenic in an aerobic environment but reduce arsenic under anaerobic conditions. In case of arsenic contamination of water, how could scientists use Thermus to remediate the problem?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Human blood serum contains a class of enzymes known as acid phosphatases, which hydrolyze biological phosphate esters under slightly acidic conditions (pH 5.0):.
Acid phosphatases are produced by erythrocytes, the liver, kidney, spleen, and prostate gland The enzyme of the prostate gland is clinically important, because its increased activity in the blood can be an indication of prostate cancer. The phosphatase from the prostate gland is strongly inhibited by tartrate ion, but acid phosphatases from other tissues are not. How can this information be used to develop a specific procedure for measuring the activity of the acid phosphatase of the prostate gland in human blood serum?
Succinic acid is produced by Actinobacillus succinogenes with the following medium composition (g/L):
glucose, 50;
yeast extract, 5;
NaCl, l;
Na2HPO4, 0.3;
NaH2PO4, 1.4;
K2HPO4, 1.5;
MgC12.6H20, 0.2;
CaC12.2H20, 0.23.
The pH is controlled and maintained at 3.63. Estimate the range of upper limit, if 0.8% of deadband is applied. With a schematic diagram, explain how to maintain the pH throughout the fermentation process.
Panthothenic acid is involved in the metabolic pathways as coenzyme:
Chapter 5 Solutions
EBK MICROBIOLOGY:W/DISEASES BY BODY...-
Ch. 5 - How can oxidation take place in an anaerobic...Ch. 5 - Why do electrons carried by NADH allow for...Ch. 5 - Why does catabolism of amino acids for energy...Ch. 5 - An uninformed student describes the Calvin-Benson...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5TMWCh. 5 - Why is feedback inhibition necessary for...Ch. 5 - Breaks a large molecule into smaller ones a....Ch. 5 - Includes dehydration synthesis reactions a....Ch. 5 - Prob. 3MCCh. 5 - Prob. 4MC
Ch. 5 - Involves the production of cell membrane...Ch. 5 - Includes hydrolytic reactions a. anabolism only b....Ch. 5 - Includes metabolism a. anabolism only b. both...Ch. 5 - Prob. 8MCCh. 5 - A reduced molecule _________. a. has gained...Ch. 5 - Prob. 10MCCh. 5 - Coenzymes are ________. a. types of apoenzymes b....Ch. 5 - Which of the following statements best describes...Ch. 5 - Which of the following does not affect the...Ch. 5 - Most oxidation reactions in bacteria involve the...Ch. 5 - Under ideal conditions, the fermentation of one...Ch. 5 - Under ideal conditions, the complete aerobic...Ch. 5 - Which of the following statements about the...Ch. 5 - Reactions involved in the light-independent...Ch. 5 - The glycolysis pathway is basically __________. a....Ch. 5 - A major difference between anaerobic respiration...Ch. 5 - 1. _______ Occurs when energy from a compound...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 1. The final electron acceptor...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 2. Two ATP molecules are used...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 3. The initial catabolism of...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 4. ________ is a cyclic series...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 5. The final electron acceptor...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 6. Three common inorganic...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 7. Anaerobic respiration...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 8. Complete the following...Ch. 5 - Prob. 9FIBCh. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 10 The main coenzymes that...Ch. 5 - VISUALIZE IT! 1 Label the mitochondrion to...Ch. 5 - Label the diagram below to indicate acetyl-CoA,...Ch. 5 - Examine the biosynthetic pathway for the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1SACh. 5 - Why we enzymes necessary for anabolic reactions to...Ch. 5 - How do organisms control the rate of metabolic...Ch. 5 - How does a nor-competitive inhibitor at a single...Ch. 5 - Explain the mechanism of negative feedback with...Ch. 5 - Facultative anaerobes can live under either...Ch. 5 - How does oxidation of a molecule occur without...Ch. 5 - List at least four groups of microorganisms that...Ch. 5 - Why do we breathe oxygen and give of carbon...Ch. 5 - Why do cyanobacteria and algae take in carbon...Ch. 5 - What happens to the carbon atoms in sugar...Ch. 5 - How do yeast cells make alcohol and cause bread to...Ch. 5 - Where specifically does the most significant...Ch. 5 - Why are vitamins essential metabolic factors for...Ch. 5 - A laboratory scientist notices that a cer1ain...Ch. 5 - Arsenic is a poison that exists in two states in...Ch. 5 - Explain why an excess of all three of the amino...Ch. 5 - Why might an organism that uses glycolysis and the...Ch. 5 - Describe how bacterial fermentation causes milk to...Ch. 5 - Giardia intestinalis and Entamoeba histolytica are...Ch. 5 - Two cultures of a facultative anaerobe are grown...Ch. 5 - What is the maximum number of molecules of ATP...Ch. 5 - In terms of its effects on human metabolism, why...Ch. 5 - Cyanide is a potent poison because it irreversibly...Ch. 5 - How are photophosphorylation and oxidative...Ch. 5 - Members of the pathogenic bacterial genus...Ch. 5 - Compare and contrast aerobic respiration,...Ch. 5 - Scientists estimate that up to one-third of Earths...Ch. 5 - A young student was troubled by the idea that a...Ch. 5 - If a bacterium uses beta-oxidation to catabolize a...Ch. 5 - Some desert rodents rarely have water to drink....Ch. 5 - Prob. 17CTCh. 5 - We have examined the total ATP, NADH, and FADH2...Ch. 5 - Explain why hyperthermophiles do not cause disease...Ch. 5 - In addition to extremes in temperature and pH,...Ch. 5 - Figure 5.18b illustrates events in aerobic...Ch. 5 - Suppose you could insert a tiny pH probe into the...Ch. 5 - Even though Pseudomonas aeruginosa and...Ch. 5 - Photosynthetic organisms are rarely pathogenic....Ch. 5 - Prob. 25CTCh. 5 - A scientist moves a green plant grown in sunlight...Ch. 5 - What class of enzyme is involved in amination...Ch. 5 - Using the following terms, fill in the following...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The nonprotein heme group sits in the active site of the hemoglobin enzyme. The heme group facilitates the reaction of the enzyme and is required to be present for the reaction to occur. Select the best answer. Question options: Heme is an example of allosteric inhibition. Heme is an example of a product. Heme is an example of a noncompetitive inhibitor. Heme is an example of a cofactor Heme is an example of a competitive inhibitor.arrow_forwardThe brown discoloration of apples and potatoes is due to an enzyme catalyzed chemical reaction. What is the enzyme that catalyzes this reaction? What is the substrate(s) of this reaction? What is the product(s) of this reaction? Does this reaction require a cofactor, if so which one?arrow_forwardThe protein catalase is an enzyme that catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide:2 H2O2 (aq) → 2 H2O (l) + O2 (g)and has a Michaelis-Menten constant of 25 × 10-3 mol·dm-3 and a turnover number of 4.0×107s-1.The total enzyme concentration is 0.016×10-6 mol·dm-3 and the initial substrate concentration is4.32×10-6 mol·dm-3 Calculate the maximum reaction rate (????) for this enzyme, and the initial rateof this reaction. Note that catalase has a single active site.arrow_forward
- List two classes of compounds derived from arachidonic acid. Suggest some reasons for the amount of biomedical research devoted to these compounds.arrow_forwardProline betaine is a putative osmoprotectant in plants and bacteria, helping to prevent dehydration of cells. Propose a plausible pathway for biosynthesis of this compound.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is incorrect about the chymotrypsin mechanism? a. The (-) charge of oxygen in the transition state is stabilized by the oxyanion hole Ob. Asp does not act as a nucleophile Oc. After H₂O had a proton removed, the OH acts as a nucleophile Od. When His removes a proton from H₂O, it is acting as an acidarrow_forward
- The carboxylase activity of RuBisCO catalyzes the fixation of carbon dioxide. Group of answer choices: True Falsearrow_forwardTwo reactions are shown below. These reactions are directly coupled in cells by an enzyme called hexokinase, which is a key enzyme in glycolysis. It is generally the case that reactions that are directly coupled by enzymes share some common reactants. What is the net reaction when these two reactions are combined? Glucose + Inorganic Phosphate + ATP + Water → Glucose 6-phosphate + ADP Glucose + ATP + Water → Glucose 6-phosphate + ADP + Inorganic Phosphate Glucose + ATP → Glucose 6-phosphate + Inorganic Phosphate Glucose + ATP → Glucose 6-phosphate + ADParrow_forwardNitrates, such as nitroglycerin, have what mechanism of action? Based on this mechanism of action, when would a nitrate be contraindicated?arrow_forward
- Dehalogenase enzymes catalyze the clevage of C-X bonds. One such dehalogenase catalyzes the following reaction. An active site aspartate is thought to carry out the initial nucleophilic attack that expels the chloride. Select the most likely intermediate in the reaction. (Note the stereochemistry. Refer to P11.19 in the textbook if needed.) O O A C D OE -CH₂ H H₂C™ CO₂ H B CO₂ CI N H₂O Cr CO₂ H CO₂ нотум CH3 D CO₂ five N E CH₂arrow_forwardWhich of the following compounds act as an electron acceptor? Dimolecular Oxygen Nitrate Hydrogen Sulfide Carbon Monoxide Methane Carbon Dioxide Dimolecular Nitrogen Ferric Iron Nitrite Sulfatearrow_forwardWhich of the following correctly describes the linkages found in ATP? two anhydrides, a phospho ester and a glycosidic bond two anhydrides, two phospho esters and a glycosidic bond three anhydrides, a phospho ester and a glycosidic bond one anhydride, two esters and a glycosidic bondarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
How do Plants Handle Stress?; Author: Alex Dainis;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYsnveEHqec;License: Standard Youtube License