Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 41, Problem 3TYK
Which of the following situations is associated with movement and position in the human body?
a. Statoliths in statocysts bend sensory hairs and trigger actionpotentials.
b. If sensory hairs in the utricle are oriented horizontally andthose in the saccule are oriented vertically, the person is lyingdown.
c. When the head rotates, the endolymph in the semicircularcanal pulls the cupula with it to activate sensory hair cells.
d. Displacement of the utricle and saccule generates actionpotentials.
e. If the body is spinning at a constant rate and direction, thecupula is displaced and action potentials are initiated.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
The inner ear is responsible for both hearing and balance. One of the diseases affecting the inner ear is Meniere's disease. Affected individuals often experience vertigo, among other symptoms. Vertigo is a sensation that the surrounding is spinning or swaying in the absence of any body movement.
Which of the following rows correctly identifies the affected structure and process in individuals experiencing vertigo?
Select one:
a.
Structure
Process
Semicircular canals
Rotational equilibrium
b.
Structure
Process
Semicircular canals
Gravitational equilibrium
c.
Structure
Process
Organ of Corti
Gravitational equilibrium
d.
Structure
Process
Organ of Corti
Rotational equilibrium
Which statements are correct about Balance
a. Static balance evaluates the position of the head relative to gravity and detects linear acceleration and deceleration.
b. The utricle and saccule in the inner ear contain maculae.
c. The maculae consist of hair cells with the hairs embedded in a gelatinous mass that contains otoliths.
d. The gelatinous mass moves in response to gravity.
The semicircular canals monitor angular movements of the head (dynamic euqilibrium), the receptor region in each ampulla is called a _______, which consists of a tuft of hair cells covered with a gelatinous cap (ampullary cupula).
A.
crista ampullaris
B.
utricle
C.
vestibular apparatus
D.
saccule
______ in the vestibule contain another set of hair cells that monitor head position an acceleration in a straight line (static equilibrium).
A.
membranous semicircular ducts
B.
otolith
C.
maculae
D.
ampullary cupula
What test can be conducted to see if the semicircular canals are operating normally where the subject will experience a sensation that he/she is still rotating even though the chair has stopped turning and demonstrate nystagmus?
A.
Weber test
B.
Rinne test
C.
Barany test
D.
Romberg test
Chapter 41 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 41.1 - Prob. 1SBCh. 41.1 - Prob. 2SBCh. 41.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 41.2 - What properties qualify proprioceptors as...Ch. 41.3 - What vibration-detecting systems are found in...Ch. 41.3 - Prob. 2SBCh. 41.4 - For vertebrate photoreception, define: (a)...Ch. 41.5 - How do we distinguish different kinds of smells?Ch. 41.5 - Prob. 2SBCh. 41.6 - Prob. 1SB
Ch. 41.7 - What are three ways electroreceptors are used in...Ch. 41 - An ambulance siren in close proximity to a dog can...Ch. 41 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 41 - Which of the following situations is associated...Ch. 41 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 41 - The eyes of vertebrates and cephalopods are...Ch. 41 - Which of the following events does not occur...Ch. 41 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 41 - Discuss Concepts In owls and many other birds of...Ch. 41 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 41 - Prob. 2ITDCh. 41 - Prob. 3ITD
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo is a disorder where some of the calcium carbonate crystals in the utricle migrate into the semicircular canals. Why does this condition cause periods of dizziness? a. The hair cells in the semicircular canals will be constantly activated. b. The hair cells in the semicircular canals will now be stimulated by gravity. c. The utricle will no longer recognize acceleration. d. There will be too much volume in the semicircular canals for them to detect motion.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements best describe the spiral organ? a Contains specialized sensory cells with hairlike projections b Hair cells inside the spiral organ have axons on their own. c Has afferent nerve fibers that form the tectorial nerve d All of the abovearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are true of sensory pathways? (Read carefully and select all the correct statements.) A. Sensory neurons carry impulses from receptors to the CNS. B. Sensory tracts include peripheral nerves such as the femoral nerve. C. Sensory receptors are different in that each type detects a specific type of change. D. Sensory receptors are similar in that they all interpret impulses the same way. E. Most of the sensory areas are in the cerebral cortex. F. The cranial nerves involved in sensations are part of sensory tracts.arrow_forward
- Which one of the following statements about photoreception is true? a. Light detection is initiated by the absorbance of light (a photon) by a photopigment molecule. b. Light detection is synonomous with vision. c. Light detection is always initiated in a rod photoreceptor located in the retina. d. Only light in the visible range (between 400 and 700 nm wavelength) can be detected by animals. e. None of the above answer choices (neither A, nor B, nor C, nor D) is true.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is accurate about the maculae of the vestibular apparatus? a. They detect rotational movements of the head. b. They are located in the semicircular canal. c. Nerve signals are generated when the otolithic membrane bends the stereocilia of the hair cells. d. They are the organs of hearing.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements explains why vision is less sharp in dim light than in bright light?a. Cones are more responsive in dim light.b. There are more rods than cones in the eye.c. Many rods converge on a single ganglion.d. The dilated pupil lets in more light than the lens can focus.arrow_forward
- Knowing what you know about the anatomy of the eyeball, why do you suppose untreated glaucoma (excess aqueous humor production) causes blindness? Group of answer choices a. The excess aqueous humor compresses the optic nerve b. Intraocular pressure increases and the vitreous body presses against the lens c. The fluid accumulation causes the choroid to separate from the sclera d. The buildup of aqueous humor causes the vitreous body to press against the retina and disrupt its blood supply leading to cell death e. Aqueous humor is not reabsorbed as quickly as it is producedarrow_forwardRegarding the detection of the head tilt: a- When one receptor is excited at one side, the other is also excited. b- The endolymph lags in opposite direction of the head c- The gelatinous layer follows the gravity. d- A+Barrow_forwardAll sensory organs convert energy in the environment into action potentials in the nervous systern. Explain the process of how our ears convert energy in the form of sound waves in the air into action potentials along a nerve. Include the appropriate order of structures and regions of the ear as well as the physiological process of creating action potentials and interpreting them in the brain.arrow_forward
- The first relay in the brain for nerves carrying taste information is: a. the cerebral cortex b. the hypothalamus c. the orbital prefrontal cortex d. the nucleus of the solitary tract A single action potential in a somatic motoneuron produces a twitch in the muscle it innervates. Generation of sustained contraction is a product of that motoneuron producing multiple action potentials. What is a term used to describe this phenomenon? a. Stretch reflex b. Temporal summation c. Spatial summation d. Muscle fatiguearrow_forwardwhat statement is false about Olfactory epithelium and bulb a. Olfactory neurons in the olfactory epithelium are bipolar neurons. Their distal ends are enlarged as olfactory vesicles, which have long cilia. b. The cilia have receptors that respond to dissolved substances. There are approximately 1000 different odorant receptors. c. The receptors activate a G protein complex, which opens ion channels. d. At least 7 (perhaps 50) primary odors exist. The olfactory neurons have a very low threshold and accommodate rapidly.arrow_forwardYou are testing your patient's extraocular muscles. What will be the correct combination of right and left eye movements when you position your pen to your patient's forehead? A. Right eye movement: laterally while Left eye movement: medially B.Right eye movement: superiorly and medially while Left eye movement: superiorly and medially C.None D. Right eye movement: medially while Left eye movement: laterally E.Right eye movement: medially while Left eye movement: medially F. Right eye movement: inferiorly and medially while Left eye movement: inferiorly and mediallyarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305112100
Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
The Sensorimotor System and Human Reflexes; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M0PEXquyhA4;License: Standard youtube license