Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 41, Problem 9TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The terrestrial animals, especially vertebrates, have five sense organs, which are the ears, eyes, nose, skin, and tongue. These sense organs receive stimuli from the external environment, and transduce those signals to the brain in the form of action potential. Each sense organ has receptors that generate a receptor potential in response to a particular type of signal.
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what statement is true about Olfactory epithelium and bulb
a. Olfactory neurons in the olfactory epithelium are bipolar neurons. Their distal ends are enlarged as olfactory vesicles, which have long cilia.
b. The cilia have receptors that respond to dissolved substances. There are approximately 1000 different odorant receptors.
c. The receptors activate a G protein complex, which opens ion channels.
d. At least 7 (perhaps 50) primary odors exist. The olfactory neurons have a very low threshold and accommodate rapidly.
Which of these statements is not true with respect to olfaction?a. Olfactory sensation is relayed directly to the cerebral cortex withoutpassing through the thalamus.b. Olfactory neurons are replaced about every 2 months.c. The olfactory cortex is involved in the conscious perception of smell.d. The secondary olfactory areas are responsible for visceral andemotional reactions to odors.e. The olfactory cortex is in the occipital lobe of the cerebrum.
Trace the pathway from peripheral sensory receptor to the specific brain region where the sensation becomes conscious, describing every neuron along the way and naming any nerves the neurons travel in.
a. taste bud
b. olfactory epithelium
c. retina
Chapter 41 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 41.1 - Prob. 1SBCh. 41.1 - Prob. 2SBCh. 41.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 41.2 - What properties qualify proprioceptors as...Ch. 41.3 - What vibration-detecting systems are found in...Ch. 41.3 - Prob. 2SBCh. 41.4 - For vertebrate photoreception, define: (a)...Ch. 41.5 - How do we distinguish different kinds of smells?Ch. 41.5 - Prob. 2SBCh. 41.6 - Prob. 1SB
Ch. 41.7 - What are three ways electroreceptors are used in...Ch. 41 - An ambulance siren in close proximity to a dog can...Ch. 41 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 41 - Which of the following situations is associated...Ch. 41 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 41 - The eyes of vertebrates and cephalopods are...Ch. 41 - Which of the following events does not occur...Ch. 41 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 41 - Discuss Concepts In owls and many other birds of...Ch. 41 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 41 - Prob. 2ITDCh. 41 - Prob. 3ITD
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- Which of the following statements is true? a. Specific taste buds are located in each area of the tongue thus, can only determine a specific taste.b. The middle tongue contains taste buds which can only determine salty taste.c. The taste buds can determine all taste, but are located in different areas and different quantities on thetongue.d. Taste buds contain gustatory cells specific for a certain taste.arrow_forwardwhat statement/s is true about Neuronal Pathways for Olfaction a. Axons from the olfactory neurons extend as olfactory nerves to the olfactory bulb, where they synapse with mitral and tufted cells. b. The olfactory bulb neurons can modulate output to the olfactory tracts. c. The olfactory tracts terminate in the sensory and temporal cortex. = sensory should be olfactory d. The lateral olfactory area is involved in the conscious perception of smell, the intermediate area with modulating smell, and the medial area with visceral and emotional responses to smell.arrow_forwardTaste buds on the surface of the tongue can detect a taste only when chemicals are dissolved in saliva so that chemoreceptors can start an impulse to the brain. Which of the following statements is correct about the taste sensory pathway? a. The temporal lobe of the cerebrum perceives the taste sensation. b. Nerve impulses trigger taste buds and send information to the brain. c. Taste buds sense taste, and the parietal lobe perceives taste. d. The tip of the tongue senses sweet, and the periphery senses sour and salty flavours.arrow_forward
- what statement/s is false about Neuronal Pathways for Olfaction a. Axons from the olfactory neurons extend as olfactory nerves to the olfactory bulb, where they synapse with mitral and tufted cells. b. The olfactory bulb neurons can modulate output to the olfactory tracts. c. The olfactory tracts terminate in the sensory and temporal cortex. = sensory should be olfactory d. The lateral olfactory area is involved in the conscious perception of smell, the intermediate area with modulating smell, and the medial area with visceral and emotional responses to smell.arrow_forwardIn humans, most olfactory cells are located in thea. nasal cavity.b. nostrils.c. pharynx.d. roof of the mouth.arrow_forwardWhat type of epithelial cells are the actual receptor cells for taste in each taste bud? A. supporting cells B. olfactory epithelial cells C. gustatory epithelial cells D. basal epithelial cells In terms of eye reflexes, extrinsic eye muscles are responsible for medial eye movements that is essential for near vision. This movement is called _______ (both eyes are directed toward the near object viewed). A. visual acuity B. binocular vision C. depth perception D. convergence Olfactory sensory neurons have olfactory ______ that extend outward from the epithelium for conveying impulses in sensation of smell. A. papillae B. supporting cells C. olfactory epithelium D. ciliaarrow_forward
- Olfactory sensory neurons have olfactory ______ that extend outward from the epithelium for conveying impulses in sensation of smell. A. papillae B. supporting cells C. olfactory epithelium D. cilia What chemicals would elicit the bitter taste sensation? A. alkaloids B. metal ions C. hydorgen ions D. glutamate Sound waves that enter the external auditory meatus will encounter the ______, which vibrates at exactly the same frequency as the sound waves hitting it? A. ceruminous glands B. tympanic membrane C. auricle D. scala tympaniarrow_forwardWhich of the following structures is NOT part of the pathway by which olfactory signals reach the cortex? A. Olfactory epithelium B. Olfactory bulb C. Olfactory nerve D. Amygdala E. All of the above are part of a pathway through which olfactory signals reach the cortexarrow_forwardWhich of the following best describes hearing receptor “hair cells”? a. They are neurons. b. They lack ion channels. c. They are epithelial, but function like neurons. d. They are built of the protein keratin.arrow_forward
- Describe olfactory neurons and explain how airbornemolecules can stimulate action potentials in olfactorynervesarrow_forwardA cortical module found in the visual cortex represents what type of visual information? a. All of the orientation columns found in the visual cortex that respond to the same orientation b. All of the information about the visual world that is perceived by a single eye c. The stacked columns of simple cells and complex cells of a particular orientation d. All of the serial processing pathways for a single channel of visual information e. An array of columns, made up of all of the pathways of visual processing, that provides information about a particular region of the visual fieldarrow_forwardWhat statements are true about taste buds?a. Taste buds consist of basilar, supporting, and gustatory cells. b. The gustatory cells have gustatory hairs that extend into taste pores. c. Receptors on the hairs detect dissolved substances. d. Five basic types of taste exist: sour, salty, bitter, sweet, and umami.arrow_forward
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