Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 41, Problem 11TYK

Discuss Concepts In owls and many other birds of prey, the fovea is located toward the top of the retina rather than at the center as in humans. This arrangement correlates with the birds’ hunting behavior, in which they look down when they fly, scanning the ground for a meal. With this arrangement in mind, why do you think a standing owl would turn its head upside down?

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The function of the vertebrate eye is unusual compared with other processes found within the body. For example, the direction in which sensory information flows is actually opposite to the path that light takes through the retina. Explain the sequence of events involved in the movement of light and information through the structures of the eye and explain why they move in opposite directions. Compare this sequence to the functioning of the Mollusk eye.
Include a 5-10 sentence explanation of how the sheep’s eye senses light and relays that data to the brain to interpret visual information.  Some pieces to consider:  What path does the light travel? What structures and pigments does it interact with? How does the signal travel to the brain?  Where in the brain is the data processed? How is this different in the high light vs low light? How might the sheep’s vision differ from our own?
PET (positron emission tomography) scans of the brains of people who have been blind since birth reveal high neural activity in the visual centers of the cerebral cortex when these people read Braille. However, when sighted individuals run their fingers over the raised letters of Braille, the visual centers do not show increased activity. Explain these experimental results.
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