Concept explainers
The eyes of vertebrates and cephalopods are similar in structure and function. A difference between the vertebrate eye and the cephalopod eye is that the vertebrate eye has:
a. an iris surrounding the pupil, whereas in cephalopods the pupil surrounds the iris.
b. a lens that changes shape when focusing, whereas in cephalopods the lens moves back and forth to focus.
c. a retina that moves in the socket when recording the image, whereas in cephalopods the retina changes shape when stimulated.
d. a pupil that shrinks in size in bright light, whereas cephalopods have a pupil that enlarges in bright light.
e. retinal synthesized from vitamin A, whereas cephalopods lack retinal.
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Chapter 41 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
- Of the following statements about the human eye, which would Paley agree with the most? A. The eye has lost its purpose and it's obsolete. B. The eye is a perfect fine-tuned machine well suited to its purpose. C. The eye has a use, but it was not evolved for that use.arrow_forwardWhat is the function of the three ossicles shown in blue (10, 12, 13)? ear with labels colorful.png a. amplify the motion created by sound waves hitting the tympanic membrane (ear drum) and conveying that to the labyrinth's little oval window, causing fluid to slosh inside the cochlea B . move when the tympanic membrane (ear drum) moves, creating pressure waves in the middle ear that feed down into the pharynx and combine with sound wave information from our jaws C. When the tympanic membrane (ear drum) moves, their mechanoreceptors are activated to send neural impulses to the brain about the sound wave intensities (loudness) D. they equalize the pressure inside the ear to protect the delicate sensory cells inside the inner eararrow_forwardInput to the human visual cortex comes from cones and rods (by way of ganglion cells) in what proportion? a. About 95 percent of input to the cortex comes from rods. b. About 50 percent comes from rods and 50 percent from cones. c. About 90 percent of input to the cortex comes from cones.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is true about infants’ visual acuity? a. Poor visual acuity early in life allows key features of the visual world to “pop out” b.Before 3 months, infants are not able to make sense of their visual world c.It’s not possible to test visual acuity before infants are 6 months d.Newborns have poor visual acuity, but excellent colour visionarrow_forwardDiscuss the evolution of the vertebrate eye.arrow_forwardColour blindness can result from the loss of specific types of cones, or it can occur in individuals having fewer cones of a given type. An individual has 50% less than the normal number of green cone photoreceptors in his or her retina. How would this affect his or her vision? a. This person has night blindness. He or she should start to eat more carrots to replenish the stock of retinal molecules in the retina. b. This person will have difficulty adapting to varying light levels. His or her cone receptors take much longer to adapt in a brightly lit area. c. This person does not have a colour blindness because no green cone photoreceptors are in the retina; only red, yellow, and blue photoreceptors exist. d. This person has a mild green colour blindness. He or she cannot see green colours very clearly and has difficulty distinguishing colours involving green hues.arrow_forward
- Why do so many animals have two eyes?arrow_forwardThe function of the vertebrate eye is unusual compared with other processes found within the body. For example, the direction in which sensory information flows is actually opposite to the path that light takes through the retina. Explain the sequence of events involved in the movement of light and information through the structures of the eye and explain why they move in opposite directions. Compare this sequence to the functioning of the Mollusk eye.arrow_forwardGive the differences between the retina of frog and that of shark ?arrow_forward
- What is the function of eye of fish? How are they different to the human eye?arrow_forwardResearchers have linked the release of airbags in cars to impaired hearing. When an airbag is released, there is a rapid increase in air pressure, which can damage the inner ear. Structures of the Human Ear 1 Ossicles 2 Cochlea 3 Auditory canal 4 Tympanic membrane 3. The sequence in which the highly compressed pressure waves created by the an airbag travel through the structures of the human ear is release andarrow_forwardAlthough many mammals have binocular vision, the anatomical adaptation(s) that set primates apart from these mammals is (are)a. prehensile tails.b. opposable digits on hands.c. mammary glands.d. hair-covered skin.arrow_forward
- Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning