Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 41, Problem 10TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Temperature is detected by thermoreceptors in the form of cold or heat. The nociceptors are pain receptors present in the skin and certain internal organs of body. The pain receptors receive signals from damaged skin and transmit those signals to the brain. They are non-adaptive, that is, a person cannot bear extreme pain for a very long period of time. Analgesics are used to cure pain temporarily.
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Local anesthetics "block" the action potential and therefore do not allow
"pain" information to proceed to the brain and spinal cord. In the presence
of these molecules (local anesthetics) 'threshold' is essentially "ignored".
The molecules most logically work by:
23.
a. Decreasing the intracellular [potassium]
b. Blocking the opening of the voltage-gated potassium channels
c. Decreasing the extracellular [sodium]
d. Blocking the opening of the voltage-gated sodium channels
The gate-control theory of pain proposes thata. special pain receptors send signals directly to the brain.b. pain is a property of the senses, not of the brain.c. small spinal cord nerve fibers conduct most pain signals,but large-fiber activity can close access to those painsignals.d. the stimuli that produce pain are unrelated to othersensations.
A patient presents with the chief complaint of being unable to perceive “saltiness,” but they can perceive other flavors. From the image below, you propose the following pathway changes for sour perceptions as an explanation for these symptoms:
A. The channels for Na+ were damaged
B. Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels are not functioning
C. There is no neurotransmitter release
D. The afferent nerve is damaged
E. All the above are viable pathway changes that would uniquely prevent the perception of salty
Chapter 41 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 41.1 - Prob. 1SBCh. 41.1 - Prob. 2SBCh. 41.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 41.2 - What properties qualify proprioceptors as...Ch. 41.3 - What vibration-detecting systems are found in...Ch. 41.3 - Prob. 2SBCh. 41.4 - For vertebrate photoreception, define: (a)...Ch. 41.5 - How do we distinguish different kinds of smells?Ch. 41.5 - Prob. 2SBCh. 41.6 - Prob. 1SB
Ch. 41.7 - What are three ways electroreceptors are used in...Ch. 41 - An ambulance siren in close proximity to a dog can...Ch. 41 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 41 - Which of the following situations is associated...Ch. 41 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 41 - The eyes of vertebrates and cephalopods are...Ch. 41 - Which of the following events does not occur...Ch. 41 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 41 - Discuss Concepts In owls and many other birds of...Ch. 41 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 41 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 41 - Prob. 2ITDCh. 41 - Prob. 3ITD
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