Fox And Mcdonald's Introduction To Fluid Mechanics
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781118921876
Author: Pritchard, Philip J.; Leylegian, John C.; Bhaskaran, Rajesh
Publisher: WILEY
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 89P
Air at standard conditions flows along a flat plate. The undisturbed freestream speed is U0 = 20 m/s. At L = 0.4 m downstream from the leading edge of the plate, the boundary-layer thickness is δ = 2 mm. The velocity profile at this location is approximated as u/U0 = y/δ. Calculate the horizontal component of force per unit width required to hold the plate stationary.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
A pipe bore diameter D and length L has fully developed laminar flow throughout the
entire length with a centre line velocity u0. Given that the drag coefficient is given as
CD = 16/Re where Re = pu,D/µ.
Derive the expression of the drag force on the inside of the pipe to be FD =8TTHU,L
c.
and hence show the pressure loss due to skin friction is pL = 32µu,L/D²
Air at 20°C flows at V = 80.0 m/s over a smooth flat plate of length L = 17.5 m. Plot the turbulent boundary layer profile in physical variables (u as a function of y) at x = L. Compare the profile generated by the one-seventh-power law, the log law, and Spalding’s law of the wall, assuming that the boundary layer is fully turbulent from the beginning of the plate.
Read the question carefully and give me right solutions with clear calculations.
The air flows past a 1m diameter disk oriented normal to upstream flow at 6.8m/s. The pressure distribution on front of the disk is function of the radius, where p(r) = (25 − 100 r2 ) N/m2 , and the pressure acts uniformly on back side with suction pressure of pback = −22 P a.
a. Determine the total drag force on the disk.
b. Calculate the drag coefficient for the disk . (Density = 1.25 kg/m3 ).
Chapter 4 Solutions
Fox And Mcdonald's Introduction To Fluid Mechanics
Ch. 4 - An ice-cube tray containing 250 mL of freshwater...Ch. 4 - A hot air balloon with an initial volume of 2600...Ch. 4 - A fully loaded Boeing 777-200 jet transport...Ch. 4 - On the Milford Trek in New Zealand, there is a...Ch. 4 - A high school experiment consists of a block of...Ch. 4 - For a small particle of styrofoam (density = 19.2...Ch. 4 - Air at 20C and an absolute pressure of 101.3 kpa...Ch. 4 - A block of copper of mass 5 kg is heated to 90C...Ch. 4 - The average rate of heat loss from a person to the...Ch. 4 - The velocity field in the region shown is given by...
Ch. 4 - The area shown shaded is in a flow where the...Ch. 4 - Obtain an expression for the kinetic energy flux,...Ch. 4 - A 0.3 m by 0.5 m rectangular air duct carries a...Ch. 4 - Across a shock wave in a gas flow there is a great...Ch. 4 - Water flows in a pipeline composed of 75-mm and...Ch. 4 - The velocity distribution for laminar flow in a...Ch. 4 - A farmer is spraying a liquid through 10 nozzles,...Ch. 4 - A university laboratory that generates 15 m3/s of...Ch. 4 - Hydrogen is being pumped through a pipe system...Ch. 4 - Calculate the mean velocities for these...Ch. 4 - If the velocity profile in a passage of width 2R...Ch. 4 - Fluid with 1040 kg/m3 density is flowing steadily...Ch. 4 - A rice farmer needs to fill a 150 m 400 m field...Ch. 4 - In your kitchen, the sink is 60 cm by 45.7 cm. by...Ch. 4 - Fluid passes through this set of thin closely...Ch. 4 - A pipeline 0.3 m in diameter divides at a Y into...Ch. 4 - A manifold pipe of 3 in. diameter has four...Ch. 4 - You are trying to pump storm water out of your...Ch. 4 - In the incompressible flow through the device...Ch. 4 - Water enters a wide, flat channel of height 2h...Ch. 4 - Find the average efflux velocity V if the flow...Ch. 4 - Find V for this mushroom cap on a pipeline. P4.32Ch. 4 - Incompressible fluid flows steadily through a...Ch. 4 - A two-dimensional reducing bend has a linear...Ch. 4 - Water enters a two-dimensional, square channel of...Ch. 4 - Viscous liquid from a circular tank. D = 300 mm in...Ch. 4 - A rectangular tank used to supply water for a...Ch. 4 - A cylindrical tank, 0.3 m in diameter, drains...Ch. 4 - Air enters a tank through an area of 0.018 m2 with...Ch. 4 - A cylindrical tank, of diameter D = 50 mm, drains...Ch. 4 - A conical flask contains water to height H = 36.8...Ch. 4 - Water flows steadily past a porous flat plate....Ch. 4 - A tank of fixed volume contains brine with initial...Ch. 4 - A conical funnel of half-angle = 30 drains...Ch. 4 - Evaluate the net rate of flux of momentum out...Ch. 4 - Water flows steadily through a pipe of length L...Ch. 4 - Evaluate the net momentum flux through the bend of...Ch. 4 - Evaluate the net momentum flux through the channel...Ch. 4 - A conical enlargement in a vertical pipeline is 5...Ch. 4 - A 100-mm nozzle is bolted (with 6 bolts) to the...Ch. 4 - The projectile partially fills the end of the 0.3...Ch. 4 - Considering that in the fully developed region of...Ch. 4 - A jet of water issuing from a stationary nozzle at...Ch. 4 - A circular cylinder inserted across a stream of...Ch. 4 - A 6-in.-diameter horizontal pipeline bends through...Ch. 4 - The axes of the pipes are in a vertical plane. The...Ch. 4 - Water flows through a tee in a horizontal pipe...Ch. 4 - In a laboratory experiment, the water flow rate is...Ch. 4 - A gate is 1 m wide and 1.2 m tall and hinged at...Ch. 4 - Water flows steadily through a fire hose and...Ch. 4 - Two types of gasoline are blended by passing them...Ch. 4 - A circular cylinder inserted across a stream of...Ch. 4 - The pressure difference results from head loss...Ch. 4 - Obtain expressions for the rate of change in mass...Ch. 4 - Water is flowing steadily through the 180 elbow...Ch. 4 - Water flows steadily through the nozzle shown,...Ch. 4 - The pump, suction pipe, discharge pipe, and nozzle...Ch. 4 - The passage is 1.2 m wide normal to the paper....Ch. 4 - If the two-dimensional flow rate through this...Ch. 4 - Assume the bend of Problem 4.35 is a segment of a...Ch. 4 - A flat plate orifice of 50 mm diameter is located...Ch. 4 - At rated thrust, a liquid-fueled rocket motor...Ch. 4 - Flow from the end of a two-dimensional open...Ch. 4 - Calculate the magnitude and direction of the...Ch. 4 - This water jet of 50 mm diameter moving at 30 m/s...Ch. 4 - If the splitter is removed from the plate of...Ch. 4 - Consider flow through the sudden expansion shown....Ch. 4 - A conical spray head is shown. The fluid is water...Ch. 4 - A curved nozzle assembly that discharges to the...Ch. 4 - The pump maintains a pressure of 10 psi at the...Ch. 4 - A motorboat moves up a river at a speed of 9 m/s...Ch. 4 - A 30 reducing elbow is shown. The fluid is water....Ch. 4 - A monotube boiler consists of a 6 m length of...Ch. 4 - Water is discharged at a flow rate of 0.3m3/s from...Ch. 4 - A nozzle for a spray system is designed to produce...Ch. 4 - The horizontal velocity in the wake behind an...Ch. 4 - An incompressible fluid flows steadily in the...Ch. 4 - Consider the incompressible flow of fluid in a...Ch. 4 - Air at standard conditions flows along a flat...Ch. 4 - Gases leaving the propulsion nozzle of a rocket...Ch. 4 - Two large tanks containing water have small...Ch. 4 - Students are playing around with a water hose....Ch. 4 - A 2-kg disk is constrained horizontally but is...Ch. 4 - A stream of water from a 50-mm-diameter nozzle...Ch. 4 - A plane nozzle discharges vertically 1200 L/s per...Ch. 4 - In ancient Egypt, circular vessels filled with...Ch. 4 - Incompressible fluid of negligible viscosity is...Ch. 4 - The narrow gap between two closely spaced circular...Ch. 4 - Design a clepsydra (Egyptian water clock), which...Ch. 4 - Water from a stationary nozzle impinges on a...Ch. 4 - A freshwater jet boat takes in water through side...Ch. 4 - The Canadair CL-215T amphibious aircraft is...Ch. 4 - Water, in a 100-mm-diameter jet with speed of 30...Ch. 4 - Consider a series of turning vanes struck by a...Ch. 4 - A steady jet of water is used to propel a small...Ch. 4 - The cart of Problem 4.105 is accelerated by a jet...Ch. 4 - A vane/slider assembly moves under the influence...Ch. 4 - A cart is propelled by a liquid jet issuing...Ch. 4 - For the vane/slider problem of Problem 4.107, find...Ch. 4 - If the cart of Problem 4.105 is released at t = 0,...Ch. 4 - The wheeled cart shown rolls with negligible...Ch. 4 - A rocket sled is to be slowed from an initial...Ch. 4 - Starting from rest, the cart shown is propelled by...Ch. 4 - Solve Problem 4.107 if the vane and slider ride on...Ch. 4 - For the vane/slider problem of Problem 4.114, plot...Ch. 4 - A rectangular block of mass M, with vertical...Ch. 4 - A vertical jet of water impinges on a horizontal...Ch. 4 - A rocket sled traveling on a horizontal track is...Ch. 4 - A rocket sled accelerates from rest on a level...Ch. 4 - A rocket sled with initial mass of 900 kg is to be...Ch. 4 - A rocket sled with initial mass of 3 metric tons,...Ch. 4 - A home-made solid propellant rocket has an initial...Ch. 4 - Neglecting air resistance, what speed would a...Ch. 4 - The moving tank shown is to be slowed by lowering...Ch. 4 - The 90 reducing elbow of Example 4.6 discharges to...Ch. 4 - Crude oil (SG = 0:95) from a tanker dock flows...Ch. 4 - The simplified lawn sprinkler shown rotates in the...Ch. 4 - Calculate the torque about the pipes centerline in...Ch. 4 - A fire truck is equipped with a 66 ft long...Ch. 4 - Calculate the torque exerted on the flange joint...Ch. 4 - Consider the sprinkler of Problem 4.130 again....Ch. 4 - A small lawn sprinkler is shown. The sprinkler...Ch. 4 - When a garden hose is used to fill a bucket, water...Ch. 4 - A pipe branches symmetrically into two legs of...Ch. 4 - Compressed air is stored in a pressure bottle with...Ch. 4 - A turbine is supplied with 0.6 m3/s of water from...Ch. 4 - Air is drawn from the atmosphere into a...Ch. 4 - At high speeds the compressor and turbine of the...Ch. 4 - Transverse thrusters are used to make large ships...Ch. 4 - All major harbors are equipped with fire boats for...Ch. 4 - A pump draws water from a reservoir through a...Ch. 4 - Liquid flowing at high speed in a wide, horizontal...
Additional Engineering Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
In programming we use the term string to mean _____. a. many lines of code b. parallel memory locations c. stri...
Starting Out With Visual Basic (8th Edition)
Modify the C++ program you entered in Practice Program 1. Change the program so that it first writes the word H...
Problem Solving with C++ (10th Edition)
How is the hydrodynamic entry length defined for flow in a pipe? Is the entry length longer in laminar or turbu...
Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications
Draw a flowchart representing the structure expressed by the following for statement. for (int x = 2; x 8; ++x...
Computer Science: An Overview (13th Edition) (What's New in Computer Science)
For the circuit shown, use the node-voltage method to find v1, v2, and i1.
How much power is delivered to the c...
Electric Circuits. (11th Edition)
If the 1500-lb boom AB, the 200-lb cage BCD, and the 175-lb man have centers of gravity located at points G1, G...
INTERNATIONAL EDITION---Engineering Mechanics: Statics, 14th edition (SI unit)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, mechanical-engineering and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Water flows at a velocity of 1.2 m/s over a flat plate 1.2 m long. Assume 1/7thpower law and determine the boundary layer thickness and displacementthickness. Compare the values with values calculated using laminar flowcorrelations. υ = 1 × 10−6m2/s.arrow_forward2. Water flows at a velocity of 1.2 m/s over a flat plate 1.2 m long. Assume 1/7th power law and determine the boundary layer thickness and displacement thickness. Compare the values with values calculated using laminar flow correlations, v = 1x 10-6m2/s.arrow_forwardFlow straighteners consist of arrays of narrow ducts placed in a flow to remove swirl and other transverse (secondary) velocities. One element can be idealised as a square box with thin sides as shown below. Calculate the pressure drop across a box with L=22 cm and a= 2.7 cm, if air with free-stream velocity of Uo = 11 m/s flows though the straightener. Use laminar flat-plate theory and take u = 1.85 x 10-5 Pa.s and p = 1.177kg/m³ . %3D %3D a Uo Figure 1: Flow across straighteners.arrow_forward
- I need the answer as soon as possiblearrow_forward1) For a parallel laminar flow over flat plates, the friction coefficient depends only on the Reynolds number. In the fully rough turbulent regime, the friction coefficient only relates to the surface roughness. True or False 2) a car is placed in a large wind tunnel for a full scale test. The upstream velocity is determined to be 20 m/s. The frontal area of the car is 15 m2. If the force acting on the car in the flow direction is measured to be 1000 N, what is the drag coefficient of this car? Assume the air density = 1.14 kg/m3. a) 0.15 b) 0.29 c) 0.34 d) 0.34 Ns/m 3) Drag force include friction drag and pressure drag. Friction drag increase with the increment of viscosity of the fluid. True or Falsearrow_forwardConsider the boundary layer flow = 1 - (1 − 2)¹5, 0arrow_forward2. Air at 40 °C moves over a long flat plate with a uniform free stream velocity of U = 900 m/s. Assume the boundary layer formed above the surface of the plate starts at the tip of the leading edge and the velocity profile inside the boundary layer has power-law form as Re, <107 8 10' < Re, <10* 7 - (). for u Sxarrow_forwardConsider a laminar boundary layer flow over a flat plate for which the velocity profile can be approx- imated by, u/U = 2(y/δ) − 2(y/δ)3 + (y/δ)4 Show that this profile satisfies the appropriate boundary conditions. Using the momentum integral relation, equ. (9.26), derive expressions for δ/x and τw(x). Inte- grate τw(x) and obtain an expression for the drag coefficient, CD, as a function of Rel, where l is length of plate. Check/compare with results in Table 9.2.arrow_forwardSolve itarrow_forwardProblem 1. For uniform flow over a flat plate, a useful approximation for the x-component of velocity in an incompressible laminar boundary layer is a parabolic variation from the velocity at the surface, u (y = 0) = 0 due to no-slip condition, to the free-stream velocity at the edge of the boundary layer, u (y = 8) = U. The equation for the profile is given by u/U = 2 (y/d) – (y/8)², where d = cx 1/2 and c is a constant - (a) Show that the simplest expression for the y-component of velocity is (b) Plot u/U and v/U versus y/d at x = separate graphs. 2 *=4[4(9)²¯ +(9)*] = 0.50 m where = 5.0 mm. Use the x-axis for velocity and plot on (c) Find the maximum value for v/U at this location and discuss its magnitude compared to u/U. АУ u(x, y) Uarrow_forwardA vertical air stream flowing at a velocity of 100 m/s supports a ball of 60 mm in diameter. Taking the density of air as 1.2 kg/m³ and kinematic viscosity as 1.6 stokes, the weight of the ball that is supported is (if coefficient of drag C= 0.8)arrow_forwardIBL, Flat Plate. Apply the integral boundary layer analysis to a flat plate turbulent flow as follows. Assume the turbulent profile u/U = (y/δ)1/6 to compute the momentum flux term on the RHS of IBL, but on the LHS of IBL, use the empirical wall shear stress, adapted from pipe flow: ?w = 0.0233 ⍴U2 (v/Uδ)1/4 where the kinematic viscosity ν = μ/⍴. It is necessary to use this empirical wall shear relation because the turbulent power law velocity profile blows up at the wall and cannot be used to evaluate the wall shear stress. Compute (a) (δ/x) as a function of Rex; (b) total drag coefficient, CD, L as a function of ReL; (c) If ReL = 6 x 107 compare values for this IBL CD,L and those empirical ones given in Table 9.1 for both smooth plate and transitional at Rex = 5 x 105 cases. Note: You must show all the algebra in evaluating the IBL to get full credit. Ans OM: (a) (δ/x) ~ 10-1/(Rex)1/5; (b) CD,L ~ 10-2/(ReL)1/5; (c) CD,IBL ~ 10-3; CD,Smooth ~ 10-3; CD,Trans ~ 10-3arrow_forwardarrow_back_iosSEE MORE QUESTIONSarrow_forward_iosRecommended textbooks for you
- Elements Of ElectromagneticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9780190698614Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.Publisher:Oxford University PressMechanics of Materials (10th Edition)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9780134319650Author:Russell C. HibbelerPublisher:PEARSONThermodynamics: An Engineering ApproachMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781259822674Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. BolesPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
- Control Systems EngineeringMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118170519Author:Norman S. NisePublisher:WILEYMechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781337093347Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. GerePublisher:Cengage LearningEngineering Mechanics: StaticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118807330Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. BoltonPublisher:WILEY
Elements Of ElectromagneticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9780190698614Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.Publisher:Oxford University PressMechanics of Materials (10th Edition)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9780134319650Author:Russell C. HibbelerPublisher:PEARSONThermodynamics: An Engineering ApproachMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781259822674Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. BolesPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationControl Systems EngineeringMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118170519Author:Norman S. NisePublisher:WILEYMechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781337093347Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. GerePublisher:Cengage LearningEngineering Mechanics: StaticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118807330Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. BoltonPublisher:WILEY
8.01x - Lect 27 - Fluid Mechanics, Hydrostatics, Pascal's Principle, Atmosph. Pressure; Author: Lectures by Walter Lewin. They will make you ♥ Physics.;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O_HQklhIlwQ;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Dynamics of Fluid Flow - Introduction; Author: Tutorials Point (India) Ltd.;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=djx9jlkYAt4;License: Standard Youtube License