Chapter 4, Problem 2RQ

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The difference in reactivity of potassium metal and potassium ions for example in potassium hydroxide should be explained

Concept Introduction:

• Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.

• Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.

• There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.

Since a negative ion is formed by the addition of one or two electrons to a neutral atom, the resulting anion is larger than its parent atom.

  

Similarly, a positive ion is formed when an element, mostly a metal loses 1 or more electrons; the resulting cation is smaller than its parents.