The leftmost block in Fig. 33-33 depicts total internal reflection for light inside a material with an index of refraction n1 when air is outside the material. A light ray reaching point A from anywhere within the shaded region at the left (such as the ray shown) fully reflects at that point and ends up in the shaded region at the right. The other blocks show similar situations for two other materials. Rank the indexes of refraction of the three materials, greatest first.
Figure 33-33 Question 10.
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- 61 Go In Fig. 33-59, light initially in material 1 refracts into material 2, crosses that material, and is then incident at the critical angle on the interface between materials 2 and 3. The indexes of refraction are 1 = 1.60, n2 = 1.40, and n3 = 1.20. (a) What is angle e? (b) If e is in- creased, is there refraction of light into material 3?arrow_forward46 In Fig. 33-47a, a light ray in an underlying material is incident at angle on a boundary with water, and some of the light refracts into the water. There are two choices of underlying ma- terial. For each, the angle of refraction 02 versus the incident angle is given in Fig. 33-47b. The horizontal axis scale is set by 0₁s = 90°. Without calculation, determine whether the index of refraction of (a) material 1 and (b) material 2 is greater or less than the index of water (n = 1.33). What is the index of refrac- tion of (c) material 1 and (d) material 2? Water (a) 0₂ 90° 45° 0° 1 (b) Figure 33-47 Problem 46. -0₁ 01sarrow_forward106 In Fig. 33-78, where n, = 1.70, n2 = 1.50, and nz = 1.30, light re- %3D fracts from material 1 into material 2. If it is incident at point A at the critical angle for the interface be- tween materials 2 and 3, what are (a) the angle of refraction at point B and (b) the initial angle 0? If, in- stead, light is incident at B at the critical angle for the interface between materials 2 and 3, what are (c) the angle of refraction at point A and (d) the initial angle e? If, instead of all that, light is incident at point A at Brewster's angle for the interface between materials 2 and 3, what are (e) the angle of refraction at point B and (f) the initial angle 6? Figure 33-78 Problem 106.arrow_forward
- is 90°. 48 In Fig. 33-48a, a light ray in water is incident at angle on a boundary with an underlying material, into which some of the light refracts. There are two choices of underlying material. For each, the angle of refraction 02 versus the incident angle given in Fig. 33-48b. The vertical axis scale is set by 02 Without calculation, determine whether the index of refraction of (a) material 1 and (b) material 2 is greater or less than the index of water (n = 1.33). What is the index of refraction of (c) material 1 and (d) material 2? Water (a) 0₂ 02s 0° 45° (b) Figure 33-48 Problem 48. 2 90° =arrow_forward*67 O In the ray diagram of Fig. 33-63, where the angles are not drawn to scale, the ray is incident at the critical angle on the inter- face between materials 2 and 3. Angle o = 60.0°, and two of the in- dexes of refraction are n = 1.70 and n2 = 1.60. Find (a) index of refraction n3 and (b) angle 0. (c) If øi decreased, does light refract into material 3? Figure 33-63 Problem 67.arrow_forward*66 o In Fig. 33-62, a light ray in air is incident at angle 6, on a block of transparent plastic with an index of refraction of 1.56. The dimen- sions indicated are H= 2.00 cm and W = 3.00 cm. The light passes through the block to one of its sides and there undergoes reflection (in- side the block) and possibly refraction (out into the air). This is the point of first reflection. The re- flected light then passes through the block to another of its sides-a point of second reflection. If 6 = 40°, on which side is the point of (a) first reflection and (b) second reflection? If there is refraction at the point of (c) first reflection and (d) second reflection, give the angle of refraction; if not, answer "none." If 61 = 70°, on which side is the point of (e) first reflection and (f) second reflection? If there is refrac- tion at the point of (g) first reflection and (h) second reflection, give the angle of refraction; if not, answer “none." н Figure 33-62 Problem 66.arrow_forward
- (a) In the figure, light from ray A refracts from material 1 into a thin layer of material 2, crosses that layer, and is then incident at the critical angle on the interface between materials 2 and 3. (i) What is the value of incident angle θA? Draw a sketch of the situation. (ii) If θA is decreased, does part of the light refract into material 3? (b) Light from ray B refracts from material 1 into the thin layer, crosses that layer, and is then incident at the critical angle on the interface between materials 2 and 3. (iii) What is the value of incident angle θB? Draw a sketch of the situation. (iv) If θB is decreased, does part of the light refract into material 3? Answer: 54.3°, yes, 51.1°, noarrow_forwardIn the figure, light from ray A refracts from material 1 (n₁ = 1.73) into a thin layer of material 2 (n2 = 1.80), crosses that layer, and is then incident at the critical angle on the interface between materials 2 and 3 (n3 = 1.40). (a) What is the value of incident angle BA? (b) If 8A is decreased, does part of the light refract into material 3? Light from ray B refracts from material 1 into the thin layer, crosses that layer, and is then incident at the critical angle on the interface between materials 2 and 3. (c) What is the value of incident angle Og? (d) If Og is decreased, does part of the light refract into material 3? OB I ng no 121arrow_forwardLight is traveling through ethyl alcohol and the incident upon a diamond at an angle of 70° with respect to the normal line. The indices of refraction of ethyl alcohol and diamond are n (ethyl alcohol)-1.36 and n_diamond-2.41 respectively.arrow_forward
- 77 E Rainbow. Figure 33-67 shows a light ray entering and then leaving a falling, spherical raindrop after one internal reflec- tion (see Fig. 33-21a). The final direction of travel is deviated (turned) from the initial direction of travel by angular deviation Bdev- (a) Show that 6sey is Odey = 180° + 20, – 48, where e, is the angle of incidence of the ray on the drop and 0, is the angle of refraction of the ray within the drop. (b) Using Snell's law, substitute for 6, in terms of 6, and the index of refraction n of the water. Then, on a graphing calculator or with a computer graphing package, graph Osey versus 0, for the range of possible 6; values and for n = 1.331 for red light (at one end of the visible spectrum) and n = 1.333 for blue light (at the other end). The red-light curve and the blue-light curve have different minima, which means that there is a different angle of minimum deviation for each color. The light of any given color that leaves the drop at that color's angle of…arrow_forwardA ray of light strikes the midpoint of one face of an equiangular (60°-60°-60°) glass prism (n = 1.5) at an angle of incidence of 34º. (a) Trace the path of the light ray through the glass and find the angles of incidence and refraction at each surface. First surface: incidence refraction 0 Second surface: 0. incidence refraction = Need Help? = = = O Read It O (b) If a small fraction of light is also reflected at each surface, what are the angles of reflection at the surfaces? Ө ° (first surface) e reflection. reflection= ° (second surface) O O Master Itarrow_forwardIn the figure, light from ray A refracts from material 1 (n1 = 1.60) into a thin layer of material 2 (n2 = 1.80), crosses that layer, and is then incident at the critical angle on the interface between materials 2 and 3 (n3 = 1.3). (a) What is the value of incident angle θA? (b) If θA is decreased, does part of the light refract into material 3? Light from ray B refracts from material 1 into the thin layer, crosses that layer, and is then incident at the critical angle on the interface between materials 2 and 3. (c) What is the value of incident angle θB? (d) If θB is decreased, does part of the light refract into material 3?arrow_forward
- Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning