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Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780618974122
Author: Andrei Straumanis
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 3, Problem 8CTQ
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: The blank that is related to overlap of orbitals in
Concept introduction: Two or more of orbitals undergo redistributions of their different energies so as to form mathematically averaged orbitals in terms of energy although they may differ in shape and orientation. This phenomenon is referred as hybridization.
The energy and orientation of the new hybrid orbital depends upon by the kind and number of orbitals used in the hybridization. The new hybrid orbitals are always equal in number to number of atomic orbitals that combine.
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Find the hybrid orbital type for each atom, the carbon-carbon-oxygen bond angle, the molecular geometry of oxygen, and the number of sigma and pi bonds in the molecule.
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
Ch. 3 - Prob. 1CTQCh. 3 - What neutral atom is represented by the electron...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3CTQCh. 3 - Consider any one of the four identical hybrid...Ch. 3 - Prob. 5CTQCh. 3 - Prob. 6CTQCh. 3 - Prob. 7CTQCh. 3 - Prob. 8CTQCh. 3 - Prob. 9CTQCh. 3 - Prob. 10CTQ
Ch. 3 - On the left side of Figure 3.6, label the areas...Ch. 3 - Prob. 12CTQCh. 3 - Prob. 13CTQCh. 3 - Prob. 14CTQCh. 3 - Prob. 15CTQCh. 3 - Now consider the fully formed molecule on the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 1ECh. 3 - Explain why the two molecules below cannot...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3ECh. 3 - Consider the incomplete orbital representation of...Ch. 3 - Consider the following orbital representation of...Ch. 3 - Summarize how one determines the hybridization...Ch. 3 - Explain what is wrong with each of the following...Ch. 3 - Prob. 8ECh. 3 - Prob. 9ECh. 3 - Complete the following tables, and memorize their...Ch. 3 - Draw orbital representations of bonding in water...Ch. 3 - Draw electron configuration diagrams for carbon in...Ch. 3 - Prob. 13E
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Similar questions
- The structure of amphetamine, a stimulant, is shown below. (Replacing one H atom on the NH2, or amino, group with CH3 gives methamphetamine a particularly dangerous drug commonly known as speed.) (a) What are the hybrid orbitals used by the C atoms of the C6 ring. by the C atoms of the side chain, and by the N atom? (b) Give approximate values for the bond angles A, B, and C. (c) How many bonds and bonds are in the molerule? (d) Is the molecule polar or nonpolar? (e) Amphetamine reacts readily with a proton (H+) in aqueous solution. Where does this proton attach to the molecule? Explain how the electrostatic potential map predicts this site of protonation.arrow_forwardIdentify the orbitals on each of the atoms that form the bonds in H3CCN. How many bonds and bonds form?arrow_forwardWhat are the bond angles predicted by the VSEPR model about the carbon atom in the formate ion, HCO2? Considering that the bonds to this atom are not identical, would you expect the experimental values to agree precisely with the VSEPR values? How might they differ?arrow_forward
- For each of the following molecules, state the bond angle (or bond angles, as appropriate) that you would expect to see on the central atom based on the simple VSEPR model. Would you expect the actual bond angles to be greater or less than this? a CCl4 b SCl2 c COCl2 d AsH3arrow_forwardIn Chapter 6, we study a group of organic cations called carbocations. Following is the structure of one such carbocation, the tert-butyl cation. (a) How many electrons are in the valence shell of the carbon bearing the positive charge? (b) Using VSEPR, predict the bond angles about this carbon. (c) Given the bond angle you predicted in (b), what hybridization do you predict for this carbon?arrow_forwardConsider acetyl salicylic acid, better known as aspirin. Its structure is (a) How many sigma and pi bonds are there in aspirin? (b) What are the approximate values of the angles marked (in blue) A, B, and C? (c) What is the hybridization of each atom marked (in red) 1, 2, and 3?arrow_forward
- 2. Which of the following species has the largest C—N bond order? CN− OCN− CH3NH2 N(CH3)3arrow_forward4. Valence Bond Theory. Consider formaldehyde, H₂CO. ( a) Draw a Lewis structure of formaldehyde. b) Draw a picture using valence bond theory showing the bonding of formaldehyde using appropriate hybrid orbitals. (Include electrons) c) Describe the bonding of the C-O bond and C-H bond by listing the bond type (σ, π) and the orbitals contributing to the bonding. C-O: C-H:arrow_forwardI believe one of these is incorrect but I'm not sure which onearrow_forward
- Consider the following Lewis structure. Note: the lone pairs are not indicated. но н н || Н-С—С—С-С-Н 3 2 1 H Which statement below about the molecule is false? There are 10 o and 2 r bonds. C-2 is sp2 hybridized with bond angles of 120° Oxygen is sp3 hybridized. This m cule contains 28 va nce electrons. There are some H-C-H bond angles of about 109° in the molecule.arrow_forwardI need the Hybridization, Overlapping orbitals, and Molecular geometry.arrow_forwardBelow is a molecular structure for silicone. Match the correct hybridization to each atom labeled below. (note: each oxygen has 2 lone pairs of electrons on them that aren't shown in the picture below)arrow_forward
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