Chapter 3, Problem 3.78P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Instructions for dilution of $\text{11}\text{.7 M HCl}$ to prepare $3\text{ gallons}$ of $\text{3}\text{.5 M HCl}$ is to be written.

Concept introduction: Mass percent indicates concentration with respect to fraction in parts per hundred parts. For example, $30\text{ \%}$ mass percent can represent $30\text{ g}$ solute in $100\text{ g}$ solution or $30\text{ mL}$ solute in $100\text{ mL}$ solution.

The formula to calculate volume from density is as follows:

  $\text{Mass}=\left(\text{Volume}\right)\left(\text{Density}\right)$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Volume of muriatic acid that contains $9.66\text{ g HCl}$ is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:The formula to convert mass in grams to moles is as follows:

  $\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{molar mass}}$