Chapter 3, Problem 16A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The formula for given compound needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Every matter is made of chemicals; the importance of chemistry is that it's the study of everything. Chemistry is all about how something interacts to affect the structure, composition, as well as knowing properties of substances.

Answer to Problem 16A

The correct answer is $PC{l}_3$ .

Explanation of Solution

Phosphorus symbolizes as P. The atomic number of phosphorus is $15$ . Phosphorus helps to form teeth and bones in human body. It also helps in the use of fat and carbohydrates by human body.

Chlorine symbolizes as Cl. The atomic number of Chlorine is $17$ . It plays a role as a disinfectant. Chlorine is used in the making of PVC. It is the $2^{nd}$ lightest halogen in the periodic table.

$PC{l}_3$ is a chemical compound. The IUPAC name of $PC{l}_3$ is Phosphorus trichloride. It is a volatile and toxic liquid. It reacts with water to form phosphorus acid and release $HCl$ gas.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The formula for given compound needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Every matter is made of chemicals; the importance of chemistry is that it's the study of everything. Chemistry is all about how something interacts to affect the structure, composition, as well as knowing properties of substances.

Answer to Problem 16A

The correct answer is $B_2{H}_6$ .

Explanation of Solution

Boron symbolizes as B. The atomic number of boron is $5$ . It is used to treat osteoarthritis. It aids in increasing testosterone levels and for building muscles.

Hydrogen symbolizes as H. The atomic number of hydrogen is $1$ . It is used as a gas on daily basis and liquid by many industries. It is also used as fuel for NASA space shuttle.

$B_2{H}_6$ is a chemical compound. The IUPAC name of $B_2{H}_6$ is Diborane $\left(6\right)$ . It consists of boron and hydrogen. It has repulsively sweet odor. It is pyrophoric gas. It is colorless. The structure of diborane forms 2 bridge between Borons and 4 hydrides at terminal.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The formula for given compound needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Every matter is made of chemicals; the importance of chemistry is that it's the study of everything. Chemistry is all about how something interacts to affect the structure, composition, as well as knowing properties of substances.

Answer to Problem 16A

The correct answer is $CaC{l}_2$ .

Explanation of Solution

Calcium symbolizes as Ca. The atomic number of calcium is $20$ . It is an alkaline earth metal. It is necessary mineral for life. It is vital nutrient for health of bone. It is the most plentiful mineral in the body.

Chlorine symbolizes as Cl. The atomic number of Chlorine is $17$ . It plays a role as a disinfectant. Chlorine is used in the making of PVC. It is the $2^{nd}$ lightest halogen in the periodic table.

$CaC{l}_2$ is a chemical compound. The IUPAC name of $CaC{l}_2$ is Calcium chloride. It consists of calcium and chlorine. It is pyrophoric gas. It is odorless. It is highly hygroscopic in nature. It is used as an indicator in the immediate treatment of hypo-calcemic tetany. The injection of calcium chloride is used in arrhythmias, cardiac resuscitation, hypermagnesemia, etc.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The formula for given compound needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Every matter is made of chemicals; the importance of chemistry is that it's the study of everything. Chemistry is all about how something interacts to affect the structure, composition, as well as knowing properties of substances.

Answer to Problem 16A

The correct answer is $CB{r}_4$ .

Explanation of Solution

Calcium symbolizes as Ca. The atomic number of calcium is $20$ . It is an alkaline earth metal. It is necessary mineral for life. It is vital nutrient for health of bone. It is the most plentiful mineral in the body.

Bromine is a chemical element. Symbol of bromine is Br. Its atomic number is $35$ .

$CB{r}_4$ is a chemical compound. The IUPAC name of $CB{r}_4$ is Tetra bromomethane. It also called Carbon tetrabromide. It consists of carbonand bromine. It has sweet odor. It has tetrahedral structure. It is used as a solvent for oils, greases and waxes.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The formula for given compound needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Every matter is made of chemicals; the importance of chemistry is that it's the study of everything. Chemistry is all about how something interacts to affect the structure, composition, as well as knowing properties of substances.

Answer to Problem 16A

The correct answer is $F{e}_2{O}_3$ .

Explanation of Solution

Iron is a chemical element. Symbol of this element is Fe. Its atomic number is $26$ . Iron $\left(2+\right)$ , also known as $fe\left(ii\right)$ ion or $fe\left(ii\right)$ , belongs to the class of inorganic compounds, called homogeneous transition metal compound. $O_3$ is an allotropic form of oxygen having $3$ atoms in each molecule, formula

$O_3$ . The formula represents $1$ molecule of ferric oxide, consisting of $2$ atoms of iron and $3$ atoms of oxygen. It is often called as Iron oxide.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The formula for given compound needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Every matter is made of chemicals; the importance of chemistry is that it's the study of everything. Chemistry is all about how something interacts to affect the structure, composition, as well as knowing properties of substances.

Answer to Problem 16A

The correct answer is $H_{3}P{O}_4$ .

Explanation of Solution

Phosphorus symbolizes as P. The atomic number of phosphorus is 15. Phosphorus helps to form teeth and bones in human body. It also helps in the use of fat and carbohydrates by human body.

Hydrogen symbolizes as H. The atomic number of Hydrogen is $1$ . It is used as a gas on daily basis and liquid by many industries. It is also used as fuel for NASA space shuttle.

Oxygen symbolizes as O. The atomic number of Oxygen is $8$ . A molecule of oxygen, $O_2$ contains two oxygen atoms.

There are $3$ OH groups existing in $H_{3}P{H}_4$ .Its basicity is $3$ .It is tribasic acid. The name of compound is Phosphoric acid.