7th Edition

ISBN: 9780618562763

Author: Steven S. Zumdahl

Publisher: Houghton Mifflin College Div

Concept explainers

An atom is the smallest unit of an element that possesses all the properties of that particular element. Molecules are the smallest unit of a substance that possess all the properties of that particular substance.

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Question

Chapter 3, Problem 16A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The formula for given compound needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Every matter is made of chemicals; the importance of chemistry is that it's the study of everything. Chemistry is all about how something interacts to affect the structure, composition, as well as knowing properties of substances.

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 16A

The correct answer is PCl3 .

Explanation of Solution

Phosphorus symbolizes as P. The atomic number of phosphorus is 15 . Phosphorus helps to form teeth and bones in human body. It also helps in the use of fat and carbohydrates by human body.

Chlorine symbolizes as Cl. The atomic number of Chlorine is 17 . It plays a role as a disinfectant. Chlorine is used in the making of PVC. It is the 2nd lightest halogen in the periodic table.

PCl3 is a chemical compound. The IUPAC name of PCl3 is Phosphorus trichloride. It is a volatile and toxic liquid. It reacts with water to form phosphorus acid and release HCl gas.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The formula for given compound needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Every matter is made of chemicals; the importance of chemistry is that it's the study of everything. Chemistry is all about how something interacts to affect the structure, composition, as well as knowing properties of substances.

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 16A

The correct answer is B2H6 .

Explanation of Solution

Boron symbolizes as B. The atomic number of boron is 5 . It is used to treat osteoarthritis. It aids in increasing testosterone levels and for building muscles.

Hydrogen symbolizes as H. The atomic number of hydrogen is 1 . It is used as a gas on daily basis and liquid by many industries. It is also used as fuel for NASA space shuttle.

B2H6 is a chemical compound. The IUPAC name of B2H6 is Diborane (6) . It consists of boron and hydrogen. It has repulsively sweet odor. It is pyrophoric gas. It is colorless. The structure of diborane forms 2 bridge between Borons and 4 hydrides at terminal.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The formula for given compound needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Every matter is made of chemicals; the importance of chemistry is that it's the study of everything. Chemistry is all about how something interacts to affect the structure, composition, as well as knowing properties of substances.

(c)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 16A

The correct answer is CaCl2 .

Explanation of Solution

Calcium symbolizes as Ca. The atomic number of calcium is 20 . It is an alkaline earth metal. It is necessary mineral for life. It is vital nutrient for health of bone. It is the most plentiful mineral in the body.

Chlorine symbolizes as Cl. The atomic number of Chlorine is 17 . It plays a role as a disinfectant. Chlorine is used in the making of PVC. It is the 2nd lightest halogen in the periodic table.

CaCl2 is a chemical compound. The IUPAC name of CaCl2 is Calcium chloride. It consists of calcium and chlorine. It is pyrophoric gas. It is odorless. It is highly hygroscopic in nature. It is used as an indicator in the immediate treatment of hypo-calcemic tetany. The injection of calcium chloride is used in arrhythmias, cardiac resuscitation, hypermagnesemia, etc.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The formula for given compound needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Every matter is made of chemicals; the importance of chemistry is that it's the study of everything. Chemistry is all about how something interacts to affect the structure, composition, as well as knowing properties of substances.

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 16A

The correct answer is CBr4 .

Explanation of Solution

Bromine is a chemical element. Symbol of bromine is Br. Its atomic number is 35 .

CBr4 is a chemical compound. The IUPAC name of CBr4 is Tetra bromomethane. It also called Carbon tetrabromide. It consists of carbonand bromine. It has sweet odor. It has tetrahedral structure. It is used as a solvent for oils, greases and waxes.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The formula for given compound needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Every matter is made of chemicals; the importance of chemistry is that it's the study of everything. Chemistry is all about how something interacts to affect the structure, composition, as well as knowing properties of substances.

(e)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 16A

The correct answer is Fe2O3 .

Explanation of Solution

Iron is a chemical element. Symbol of this element is Fe. Its atomic number is 26 . Iron (2+) , also known as fe (ii) ion or fe(ii) , belongs to the class of inorganic compounds, called homogeneous transition metal compound. O3 is an allotropic form of oxygen having 3 atoms in each molecule, formula

O3 . The formula represents 1 molecule of ferric oxide, consisting of 2 atoms of iron and 3 atoms of oxygen. It is often called as Iron oxide.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The formula for given compound needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Every matter is made of chemicals; the importance of chemistry is that it's the study of everything. Chemistry is all about how something interacts to affect the structure, composition, as well as knowing properties of substances.

(f)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 16A

The correct answer is H3PO4 .

Explanation of Solution

Phosphorus symbolizes as P. The atomic number of phosphorus is 15. Phosphorus helps to form teeth and bones in human body. It also helps in the use of fat and carbohydrates by human body.

Hydrogen symbolizes as H. The atomic number of Hydrogen is 1 . It is used as a gas on daily basis and liquid by many industries. It is also used as fuel for NASA space shuttle.

Oxygen symbolizes as O. The atomic number of Oxygen is 8 . A molecule of oxygen, O2 contains two oxygen atoms.

There are 3 OH groups existing in H3PH4 .Its basicity is 3 .It is tribasic acid. The name of compound is Phosphoric acid.

Chapter 3, Problem 15A

Chapter 3, Problem 17A

Chapter 3 Solutions

World of Chemistry

Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 1RQ Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 2RQ Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 3RQ Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 4RQ Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 5RQ Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 6RQ Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 1RQ Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 2RQ Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 3RQ Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 4RQ

Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 5RQ Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 6RQ Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 1RQ Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 2RQ Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 3RQ Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 4RQ Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 5RQ Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 6RQ Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 7RQ Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 1RQ Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 2RQ Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 3RQ Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 4RQ Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 5RQ Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 6RQ Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 7RQ Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 8RQ Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 1RQ Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 2RQ Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 3RQ Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 4RQ Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 5RQ Ch. 3 - Prob. 1A Ch. 3 - Prob. 2A Ch. 3 - Prob. 3A Ch. 3 - Prob. 4A Ch. 3 - Prob. 5A Ch. 3 - Prob. 6A Ch. 3 - Prob. 7A Ch. 3 - Prob. 8A Ch. 3 - Prob. 9A Ch. 3 - Prob. 10A Ch. 3 - Prob. 11A Ch. 3 - Prob. 12A Ch. 3 - Prob. 13A Ch. 3 - Prob. 14A Ch. 3 - Prob. 15A Ch. 3 - Prob. 16A Ch. 3 - Prob. 17A Ch. 3 - Prob. 18A Ch. 3 - Prob. 19A Ch. 3 - Prob. 20A Ch. 3 - Prob. 21A Ch. 3 - Prob. 22A Ch. 3 - Prob. 23A Ch. 3 - Prob. 24A Ch. 3 - Prob. 25A Ch. 3 - Prob. 26A Ch. 3 - Prob. 27A Ch. 3 - Prob. 28A Ch. 3 - Prob. 29A Ch. 3 - Prob. 30A Ch. 3 - Prob. 31A Ch. 3 - Prob. 32A Ch. 3 - Prob. 33A Ch. 3 - Prob. 34A Ch. 3 - Prob. 35A Ch. 3 - Prob. 36A Ch. 3 - Prob. 37A Ch. 3 - Prob. 38A Ch. 3 - Prob. 39A Ch. 3 - Prob. 40A Ch. 3 - Prob. 41A Ch. 3 - Prob. 42A Ch. 3 - Prob. 43A Ch. 3 - Prob. 44A Ch. 3 - Prob. 45A Ch. 3 - Prob. 46A Ch. 3 - Prob. 47A Ch. 3 - Prob. 48A Ch. 3 - Prob. 49A Ch. 3 - Prob. 50A Ch. 3 - Prob. 51A Ch. 3 - Prob. 52A Ch. 3 - Prob. 53A Ch. 3 - Prob. 54A Ch. 3 - Prob. 55A Ch. 3 - Prob. 56A Ch. 3 - Prob. 57A Ch. 3 - Prob. 58A Ch. 3 - Prob. 59A Ch. 3 - Prob. 60A Ch. 3 - Prob. 1STP Ch. 3 - Prob. 2STP Ch. 3 - Prob. 3STP Ch. 3 - Prob. 4STP Ch. 3 - Prob. 5STP Ch. 3 - Prob. 6STP Ch. 3 - Prob. 7STP Ch. 3 - Prob. 8STP Ch. 3 - Prob. 9STP Ch. 3 - Prob. 10STP

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