Interpretation:
The hormone and receptor is whether changed during the binding have to be determined. The binding force between a hormone and a receptor has to be explained.
Concept Introduction:
Chemical messengers: The vital function of body is controlled and coordinated by chemical messengers. Hormones and neurotransmitters are chemical messengers where hormones are released by endocrine systems to the blood whereas neurotransmitters are released by the nerve cells.
Noncovalent interactions like hydrogen bonding, ionic interactions and hydrophobic interactions make the messenger and receptor to hold together for delivering message.
Receptors: Receptors is a molecule or a part of molecule which interacts with a neurotransmitter, a hormone or other molecules which are biochemically active so that a response is initiated in a target cell.
Hormones: Hormones are chemical messengers which are secreted by the cell in endocrine system and are transported along the blood to stimulate the target cells having the corresponding receptors.
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FUND.OF GEN CHEM CHAP 1-13 W/ACCESS
- Why is the fact that a monomeric hormone binds simultaneously to two identical receptor molecules, thus promoting the formation of a dimer of the receptor, considered remarkable?arrow_forwardHow is hormone binding to its receptor different from allosteric regulator binding to an enzyme?arrow_forwardWhat are “antagonistic” hormones? Provide an example.arrow_forward
- How do receptors impart specificity within the endocrine system? What might be some advantages of having complex mechanisms for hormone action (such as second messengers)?arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between hormone binding to its receptor and allosteric regulator binding to an enzyme?arrow_forwardWhat are the two chemical categories of hormones? Giveexamples of both types.arrow_forward
- Why is it regarded extraordinary that a monomeric hormone may attach to two identical receptor molecules simultaneously, hence stimulating the creation of a dimer of the receptor?arrow_forwardWhich type of hormone receptor—plasma membrane bound or intracellular—would be expected to provide the most long-lived response to hormone binding and why?arrow_forwardFor each hormone pair below, explain how the two hormones are related. If they are antagonistic, explain the specific opposing functions. A) Calcitonin and Parathyroid hormone B) Oxytocin and Prolactin C) Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and Thyroxine (T4)arrow_forward
- A steroid hormone approaches its target cell. Which of the following happens first? a)The hormone enters the nucleus. b)The hormone passes through the cell membrane. c)The hormone and its receptor bind to the cell's DNA. d) The hormone and its receptor enter the cell's nucleus.arrow_forwardDo most steroid hormones have cell membrane receptors or intracellular receptors? Why?arrow_forwardUnlike the glucocorticoid receptor, the thyroid receptor has an activity even in the absence of thyroid hormone. Explain the activity of the receptor under these conditions and how hormone binding changes the activity.arrow_forward
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