Chapter 25, Problem 112A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The classes of compounds that do not contain a carbon-oxygen double bond are to be identified.

Concept Introduction: Compounds made up of two or more elements that are chemically linked to one another in a certain ratio.

Answer to Problem 112A

The classes of compounds such as amide, ketone, aldehyde, and carboxylic acid contain a carbon-oxygen double bond in it.

Explanation of Solution

Amides are substances in which an amine and a hydrocarbon group (or hydrogen atom) are connected by a carbonyl functional group.

The general formula of amide is given as follows:

  $R\left(C=O\right)NH{R}^{\text{'}}$

Here, $R$ and $R^{\text{'}}$ are the hydrocarbon or hydrogen substituent.

There is the presence of a carbon-oxygen double bond in amide.

A ketone is a function group where there is the presence of a carbonyl group.

There are two hydrocarbon groups present in it.

The general formula of ketone is given as follows:

  $R\left(C=O\right)R$

Here, $R$ is the hydrocarbon or hydrogen substituent.

There is the presence of a carbon-oxygen double bond in ketone.

An aldehyde is a function group where there is the presence of a carbonyl group.

The carbonyl group has one hydrogen attached to it and the other is either an alkyl group or a benzene ring.

The general formula of aldehyde is given as follows:

  $R\left(C=O\right)H$

Here, $R$ is the hydrocarbon or benzene ring.

There is the presence of a carbon-oxygen double bond in aldehyde.

A carboxylic acid is a functional group where there is the presence of a carbonyl group along with the alcohol.

The general formula of the carboxylic acid is given as follows:

  $R\left(C=O\right)OH$

Here, $R$ is the hydrocarbon or hydrogen substituent.

There is the presence of a carbon-oxygen double bond in carboxylic acid.