Chapter 25, Problem 40A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Change in atomic number and mass number of a nucleus by the loss of Alpha particles, Beta particles, and Gamma rays needs to be calculated.

Concept Introduction: An unstable atom tries to gain stability during radioactivity, particles like Alpha, Beta, and Gamma rays are emitted by an atom.

Answer to Problem 40A

Symbol and charge of Alpha particle, Beta particle, Gamma rays are as follows:

	Mass Number	Atomic Number
Beta Particle	Unchanged	Increases by 1
Alpha Particle	Decreases by 4	Decreases by 2
Gamma Ray	Unchanged	Unchanged

Explanation of Solution

Given Information: Mass number and atomic number will be affected by the loss of Alpha particles, Beta particles, and Gamma rays.

Emission of a Beta particle increases the atomic number by 1 whereas the mass number remains unchanged.

Emission of an Alpha particle reduces the mass number by 4 units whereas the atomic number by 2 units.

Gamma ray has no mass and no charge. So, it does not make any difference to the mass and the atomic number.

Conclusion

	Mass Number	Atomic Number
Beta Particle	Unchanged	Increases by 1
Alpha Particle	Decreases by 4	Decreases by 2
Gamma Ray	Unchanged	Unchanged