Interpretation:
A low-fat diet of pasta, bread, beer and soda can easily lead to an increase in weight. The chemistry behind the weight increase has to be determined. And the excess carbohydrate is stored as fat; reason for this should be explained.
Concept introduction:
Fatty acids are aliphatic mono-
Lipogenesis is the
Adipose tissue protects, insulates and stores fat in droplets inside the cells.
It consists of cells (adipocytes) in a fluid-gel matrix.
It is found beneath the skin, around the kidneys, behind the eyes and on the heart.
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FUND.OF GEN CHEM CHAP 1-13 W/ACCESS
- Indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false. If false, correct the statement or provide a brief explanation for why it is false. With high [carbohydrate] levels, excess glucose (after glycogen storage has reached a maximum) is converted to fat, leading to high [malonyl-CoA].arrow_forwardIn type II diabetes, insulin is produced but is nonfunctional. These individuals are described as “starving in the sea of plenty” because their blood glucose levels are high, but none of the glucose is transported into the cells. Describe how this leads to malnutrition.arrow_forwardGlycogen depletion resulting from intense, extensive exercise can lead to exhaustion and the inability to continue exercising. Some people also experience dizziness, an inability to concentrate, and a loss of muscle control. Account for these symptoms.arrow_forward
- How does a ketogenic diet decrease the level of urea in obese patients and increase the level of creatine in obese patients? (explain on a molecular level)arrow_forwardIn healthy adults, the concentration of glucose in blood is approximately80 to 110 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dl). After a carbohydrate-richmeal, however, the concentration may spike to 140 mg/dl. Describe thehormonal action that returns blood glucose to normal.arrow_forwardIn type II diabetes, insulin is produced but is nonfunctional. These patients are described as “starving in a sea of plenty,” because their blood glucose levels are high, but none of the glucose is transported into the cells. Describe how this leads to malnutrition.arrow_forward
- The disease beriberi, which results from a dietary deficiency of vitamin B1 (thiamine), is characterized by neurologic and cardiac symptoms, as well as increased levels of pyruvate and α-ketoglutarate in the blood. How does a deficiency of thiamine account for the increased levels of pyruvate and α-ketoglutarate?arrow_forwardIs glycogen is broken down to release glucose. True or false. Explain.arrow_forwardThe disease beriberi, which results from a dietary deficiency of vitamin B1 (thiamine), is characterized by neurologic and cardiac symptoms, as well as increased levels of pyruvate and a-ketoglutarate in the blood. How does a deficiency of thiamine account for the increased levels of pyruvate and a-ketoglutarate?arrow_forward
- Explain why triglycerides have a glucose-sparing effect.arrow_forwardThe antidiabetes drugs known as thiazolidinediones induce the production of glycerol kinase in adipocytes. Explain why this would decrease the concentration of serum fatty acids, which are often elevated in diabetics.arrow_forwardWould a metabolic rational for a child who has a similar diet to other children but after infections or vigorous exercise has low blood glucose levels and increased lactic acid in the blood along with potential lethargy, shakiness and irritability be type 1 diabetes? Noting that an effective treatment for them is alanine supplementation in the diet.arrow_forward
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