Chapter 23, Problem 99GQ

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure with systematic name of the products has to be drawn when adding $\text{HBr}$ to propene

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry).IUPAC name consists of three parts, namely Prefix, suffix and root word.

Prefix- Represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix- Denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule.  It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.  To add suffix to name a compound, the suffix “-ane” in the parent alkane is replaced by the respective suffix, which corresponds to the functional group present in the given compound.  For carboxylic acid, suffix “-oic” will be added, for alcohol, suffix “-ol” will be added and so on

Root word - Represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

Markovnikov’s rule: unsymmetrical alkene reacts with hydrogen halide, halide ions goes to the more substitution position of carbon-carbon double bond which provides alkyl halides.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure with systematic name of the products has to be drawn when adding ${\text{H}}_2\text{O}$ to $\text{2-methyl-1-butene}$.

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry).IUPAC name consists of three parts, namely Prefix, suffix and root word.

Prefix- Represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix- Denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule.  It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.  To add suffix to name a compound, the suffix “-ane” in the parent alkane is replaced by the respective suffix, which corresponds to the functional group present in the given compound.  For carboxylic acid, suffix “-oic” will be added, for alcohol, suffix “-ol” will be added and so on

Root word - Represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

Markovnikov’s rule: unsymmetrical alkene reacts with hydrogen halide, halide ions goes to the more substitution position of carbon-carbon double bond which provides alkyl halides.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure with systematic name of the products has to be drawn when adding ${\text{H}}_2\text{O}$ to $\text{2-methyl-2-butene}$ and the product has to be identified whether the product is same or different from obtained in part (b).

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry).IUPAC name consists of three parts, namely Prefix, suffix and root word.

Prefix- Represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix- Denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule.  It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.  To add suffix to name a compound, the suffix “-ane” in the parent alkane is replaced by the respective suffix, which corresponds to the functional group present in the given compound.  For carboxylic acid, suffix “-oic” will be added, for alcohol, suffix “-ol” will be added and so on

Root word - Represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

Markovnikov’s rule: unsymmetrical alkene reacts with hydrogen halide, halide ions goes to the more substitution position of carbon-carbon double bond which provides alkyl halides.