
Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The balance equation of acid-base reaction between the H3PO4 with water should be determined and classified as Bronsted-Lowry acid or Lewis acid.
Concept introduction:
A substance is said to be acidic if it can give hydrogen ions ( H+ ) whereas a base is said to be a substance that can give OH- ion. This theory of acid and base is called the
Another theory that is purposed by Bronsted and Lowry is called Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theory. It states that acid can give H+ ions whereas a base can accept the H+ ion in its solution. Hence this theory is entirely based on the presence of H+ ion in the given substance. It purposed the concept of conjugated acid-base pair. A Bronsted acid gives H+ ion to form conjugated base whereas a Bronsted base accepts H+ ion to form its conjugated acid.
HA + H2O → A- + H3O+Bronsted + Bronsted Conjugated Conjugated Acid base base acid
Overall the reaction of acid and base forms salt and water as the product. This reaction is called a neutralization reaction.
(b)
Interpretation:
The balance equation of acid-base reaction between the B(OH)3 with water should be determined and classified as Bronsted-Lowry acid or Lewis acid.
Concept introduction:
A substance is said to be acidic if it can give hydrogen ions ( H+ ) whereas a base is said to be a substance that can give OH- ion. This theory of acid and base is called the Arrhenius theory of acid and base.
Another theory that is purposed by Bronsted and Lowry is called Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theory. It states that acid can give H+ ions whereas a base can accept the H+ ion in its solution. Hence this theory is entirely based on the presence of H+ ion in the given substance. It purposed the concept of conjugated acid-base pair. A Bronsted acid gives H+ ion to form conjugated base whereas a Bronsted base accepts H+ ion to form its conjugated acid.
HA + H2O → A- + H3O+Bronsted + Bronsted Conjugated Conjugated Acid base base acid
Overall the reaction of acid and base forms salt and water as the product. This reaction is called a neutralization reaction.

Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Chapter 22 Solutions
CHEMISTRY-MASTERINGCHEMISTRY W/ETEXT
- 25. Predict the major product of the following reaction. 1 equivalent of each of the starting materials was used. H₂C CH3 CH3 H3C H3C H3C. CH2 + H3C. heat CH3 CH H.C. CH3 H.C H.C CH3 CH CH3 CH3 A B C Earrow_forwardFind chemical structures based on the below information. a) Chemical formula C6H8O Compound is aromatic plus has two 1H NMR peaks that integrated for 3 each that are singlets (it could have more peaks in the 1H NMR b) Chemical Formula: C6H100 Compounds is conjugated 'H NMR has a signal that integrates for 6 and is a doublet IR spectra has a signal at 1730 cm-1arrow_forwardJaslev Propose a synthesis of the following starting from benzene and any other reagents and chemicals. No mechanisms are required. Indicate the condition for each step plus the major product for each step. More than two steps are required. Step 1 Step 2 مہد Brarrow_forward
- Part C: The line formula for another branched alkane is shown below. i. In the IUPAC system what is the root or base name of this compound? ii. How many alkyl substituents are attached to the longest chain? iii. Give the IUPAC name for this compound.arrow_forwardPart D: Draw the Structural Formula for 4-ethyl-2-methylhexane Part E. Draw the Structural Formula for 1-chloro-3,3-diethylpentane (Chloro = Cl)arrow_forwardPart B: The line formula for a branched alkane is shown below. a. What is the molecular formula of this compound? Number of C. Number of H b. How many carbon atoms are in the longest chain? c. How many alkyl substituents are attached to this chain?arrow_forward
- 24. What is the major product for the following reaction? Mg J. H.C CH H,C- Then H₂O OH Br C HO E HO H.C CH H.C- CH₂ CH₂ All of these are possiblearrow_forwardstructures. Explain why the major product(s) are formed over the minor product(s) using the Draw the major and product and the complete mechanism for all products with all resonance mechanism/resonance structures of the major and minor products in your explanation. HONO2 H2SO4arrow_forward#1 (a). Provide the expected product for the following reaction of A to B by indicating what the product is after step 1 (call this "81") and after step 2 (call this product "B2"). Give a complete mechanism for the transformation of compound A into compound B showing all intermediates, resonance structures, stereochemistry and electron movements 1. Et-MgBr 2. Me-Br B #1 (b). Compound A can be prepared in one step from an alkene starting material. Provide the structure a and the reaction conditions required to convert it to compound A The starting alkenearrow_forward
- The line formula for a branched alkene is shown below. 2 i. What is the molecular formula of this compound? Count number of C and H ii. How many carbon atoms are in the longest chain, ignoring the double bond? iii. What is the longest chain incorporating both carbons of the double bond? iv. How many substituents are on this chain? v. Give the IUPAC name for this compoundarrow_forwardgive the products for each of the followingarrow_forwardProvide the products and/or reagents for the following transformations. NaOMe HCl/EtOH OH NaOMe CI Show the product for the formation of the ketal given below for the transformation, showing all intermediates and resonance structures would be required to transform the ketal back to the starting ketone and then the mechanism What reagents/conditions HCI EtOH (excess)arrow_forward
- Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)ChemistryISBN:9781938168390Author:Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark BlaserPublisher:OpenStaxChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage Learning
- General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningLiving By Chemistry: First Edition TextbookChemistryISBN:9781559539418Author:Angelica StacyPublisher:MAC HIGHER





