The test for the presence of glucose with an aldehyde group is given to be found only in the open chain form but not in the cyclic form. This phenomenon is to be explained. Concept introduction: Carbohydrates are naturally occurring organic compounds. As the name implies carbohydrates are hydrates of carbon and have general formula of C X ( H 2 O ) Y . Basically, carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehyde and ketones , for examples, glucose and fructose. Glucose is a reducing sugar as it has an aldehyde group and its presence is detected by Tollen’s, Benedicts or Fehlings test. To determine: An explanation corresponding to the fact that the test for the presence of glucose with an aldehyde group is found only in the open chain form but not in the cyclic form.

Question

> each pair of substrates below, choose the one that will react faster in a substitution reaction, assuming that: 1. the rate of substitution doesn't depend on nucleophile concentration and 2. the products are a roughly 50/50 mixture of enantiomers. Substrate A Substrate B Faster Rate X Ś CI (Choose one) (Choose one) CI Br Explanation Check Br (Choose one) © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights F

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 21, Problem 98E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The test for the presence of glucose with an aldehyde group is given to be found only in the open chain form but not in the cyclic form. This phenomenon is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Carbohydrates are naturally occurring organic compounds. As the name implies carbohydrates are hydrates of carbon and have general formula of CX(H2O)Y . Basically, carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehyde and ketones, for examples, glucose and fructose. Glucose is a reducing sugar as it has an aldehyde group and its presence is detected by Tollen’s, Benedicts or Fehlings test.

To determine: An explanation corresponding to the fact that the test for the presence of glucose with an aldehyde group is found only in the open chain form but not in the cyclic form.

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> each pair of substrates below, choose the one that will react faster in a substitution reaction, assuming that: 1. the rate of substitution doesn't depend on nucleophile concentration and 2. the products are a roughly 50/50 mixture of enantiomers. Substrate A Substrate B Faster Rate X Ś CI (Choose one) (Choose one) CI Br Explanation Check Br (Choose one) © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights F

NMR spectrum of ethyl acetate has signals whose chemical shifts are indicated below. Which hydrogen or set of hydrogens corresponds to the signal at 4.1 ppm? Select the single best answer. The H O HỌC—C—0—CH, CH, 2 A ethyl acetate H NMR: 1.3 ppm, 2.0 ppm, 4.1 ppm Check OA B OC ch B C Save For Later Submit Ass © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center |

How many signals do you expect in the H NMR spectrum for this molecule? Br Br Write the answer below. Also, in each of the drawing areas below is a copy of the molecule, with Hs shown. In each copy, one of the H atoms is colored red. Highlight in red all other H atoms that would contribute to the same signal as the H already highlighted red Note for advanced students: In this question, any multiplet is counted as one signal. 1 Number of signals in the 'H NMR spectrum. For the molecule in the top drawing area, highlight in red any other H atoms that will contribute to the same signal as the H atom already highlighted red. If no other H atoms will contribute, check the box at right. Check For the molecule in the bottom drawing area, highlight in red any other H atoms that will contribute to the same signal as the H atom already highlighted red. If no other H atoms will contribute, check the box at right. O ✓ No additional Hs to color in top molecule ง No additional Hs to color in bottom…

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 21, Problem 98E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The test for the presence of glucose with an aldehyde group is given to be found only in the open chain form but not in the cyclic form. This phenomenon is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Carbohydrates are naturally occurring organic compounds. As the name implies carbohydrates are hydrates of carbon and have general formula of CX(H2O)Y . Basically, carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehyde and ketones, for examples, glucose and fructose. Glucose is a reducing sugar as it has an aldehyde group and its presence is detected by Tollen’s, Benedicts or Fehlings test.

To determine: An explanation corresponding to the fact that the test for the presence of glucose with an aldehyde group is found only in the open chain form but not in the cyclic form.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 21, Problem 98E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The test for the presence of glucose with an aldehyde group is given to be found only in the open chain form but not in the cyclic form. This phenomenon is to be explained.

Concept introduction: Carbohydrates are naturally occurring organic compounds. As the name implies carbohydrates are hydrates of carbon and have general formula of CX(H2O)Y . Basically, carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehyde and ketones, for examples, glucose and fructose. Glucose is a reducing sugar as it has an aldehyde group and its presence is detected by Tollen’s, Benedicts or Fehlings test.

To determine: An explanation corresponding to the fact that the test for the presence of glucose with an aldehyde group is found only in the open chain form but not in the cyclic form.

Expert Solution & Answer

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See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 21, Problem 98E

Interpretation Introduction