Modeling the Dynamics of Life: Calculus and Probability for Life Scientists
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780840064189
Author: Frederick R. Adler
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Module Code: MATH380202
3. (a) Let {} be a white noise process with variance σ2.
Define an ARMA(p,q) process {X} in terms of {+} and state (without proof)
conditions for {X} to be (i) weakly stationary and (ii) invertible.
Define what is meant by an ARIMA (p, d, q) process. Let {Y} be such an ARIMA(p, d, q)
process and show how it can also be represented as an ARMA process, giving the
AR and MA orders of this representation.
(b) The following tables show the first nine sample autocorrelations and partial auto-
correlations of X and Y₁ = VX+ for a series of n = 1095 observations. (Notice
that the notation in this part has no relationship with the notation in part (a) of
this question.)
Identify a model for this time series and obtain preliminary estimates for the pa-
rameters of your model.
X₁
= 15.51, s² = 317.43.
k
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Pk
0.981
0.974
0.968
akk 0.981 0.327
8
9
0.927
0.963 0.957 0.951 0.943 0.935
0.121 0.104 0.000 0.014 -0.067 -0.068 -0.012
Y₁ = VX : y = 0.03, s² = 11.48.
k
1…
Let G be a graph with n ≥ 2 vertices x1, x2, . . . , xn, and let A be the adjacency matrixof G. Prove that if G is connected, then every entry in the matrix A^n−1 + A^nis positive.
Chapter 2 Solutions
Modeling the Dynamics of Life: Calculus and Probability for Life Scientists
Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 1ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 2ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 3ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 4ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 5ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 6ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 7ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 8ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 9ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 10E
Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 11ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 12ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 13ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 14ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 15ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 16ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 17ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 18ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 19ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 20ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 21ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 22ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 23ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 24ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 25ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 26ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 27ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 28ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 29ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 30ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 31ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 32ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 33ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 34ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 35ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 36ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 37ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 38ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 39ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 40ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 41ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 42ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 43ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 44ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 45ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 46ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 1ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 2ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 3ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 4ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 5ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 6ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 7ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 8ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 9ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 10ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 11ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 12ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 13ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 14ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 15ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 16ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 17ECh. 2.2 - 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Prob. 43ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 44ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 45ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 46ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 47ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 1ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 2ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 3ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 4ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 5ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 6ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 7ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 8ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 9ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 10ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 11ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 12ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 13ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 14ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 15ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 16ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 17ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 18ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 19ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 20ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 21ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 22ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 23ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 24ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 25ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 26ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 27ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 28ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 29ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 30ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 31ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 32ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 33ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 34ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 35ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 36ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 37ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 38ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 39ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 40ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 41ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 42ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 1ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 2ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 3ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 4ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 5ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 6ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 7ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 8ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 9ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 10ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 11ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 12ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 13ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 14ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 15ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 16ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 17ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 18ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 19ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 20ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 21ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 22ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 23ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 24ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 25ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 26ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 27ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 28ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 29ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 30ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 31ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 32ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 33ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 34ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 35ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 36ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 37ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 38ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 39ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 40ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 41ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 42ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 43ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 44ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 45ECh. 2.7 - Prob. 46ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 1ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 2ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 3ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 4ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 5ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 6ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 7ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 8ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 9ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 10ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 11ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 12ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 13ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 14ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 15ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 16ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 17ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 18ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 19ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 20ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 21ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 22ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 23ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 24ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 25ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 26ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 27ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 28ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 29ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 30ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 31ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 32ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 33ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 34ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 35ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 36ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 37ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 38ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 39ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 40ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 41ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 42ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 43ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 44ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 45ECh. 2.8 - Prob. 46ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 1ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 2ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 3ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 4ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 5ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 6ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 7ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 8ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 9ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 10ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 11ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 12ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 13ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 14ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 15ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 16ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 17ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 18ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 19ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 20ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 21ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 22ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 23ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 24ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 25ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 26ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 27ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 28ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 29ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 30ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 31ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 32ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 33ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 34ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 35ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 36ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 38ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 39ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 40ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 41ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 42ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 43ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 44ECh. 2.9 - The method of implicit differentiation is often...Ch. 2.9 - Prob. 46ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 47ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 48ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 49ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 50ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 51ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 52ECh. 2.9 - Prob. 53ECh. 2.10 - Prob. 1ECh. 2.10 - Prob. 2ECh. 2.10 - Prob. 3ECh. 2.10 - Prob. 4ECh. 2.10 - Prob. 5ECh. 2.10 - Prob. 6ECh. 2.10 - Prob. 7ECh. 2.10 - Prob. 8ECh. 2.10 - Prob. 9ECh. 2.10 - Prob. 10ECh. 2.10 - Prob. 11ECh. 2.10 - Prob. 12ECh. 2.10 - Prob. 13ECh. 2.10 - Prob. 14ECh. 2.10 - Prob. 15ECh. 2.10 - Prob. 16ECh. 2.10 - Prob. 17ECh. 2.10 - Prob. 18ECh. 2.10 - Prob. 19ECh. 2.10 - Prob. 20ECh. 2.10 - Prob. 21ECh. 2.10 - 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- Module Code: MATH380202 1. (a) Define the terms "strongly stationary" and "weakly stationary". Let {X} be a stochastic process defined for all t € Z. Assuming that {X+} is weakly stationary, define the autocorrelation function (acf) Pk, for lag k. What conditions must a process {X+) satisfy for it to be white noise? (b) Let N(0, 1) for t€ Z, with the {+} being mutually independent. Which of the following processes {X+} are weakly stationary for t> 0? Briefly justify your answers. i. Xt for all > 0. ii. Xo~N(0,) and X₁ = 2X+-1+ &t for t > 0. (c) Provide an expression for estimating the autocovariance function for a sample X1,..., X believed to be from a weakly stationary process. How is the autocor- relation function Pk then estimated, and a correlogram (or acf plot) constructed? (d) Consider the weakly stationary stochastic process ✗+ = + + +-1+ +-2 where {E} is a white noise process with variance 1. Compute the population autocorre- lation function Pk for all k = 0, 1, ....arrow_forwardiii) i=5 x² = Σ i=1 (Yi — mi)² σ 2 By minimising oc², derive the formulae for the best values of the model for a 1 degree polynomial (2 parameters).arrow_forwardRefer to page 311 for a sequence of functions defined on a given interval. Instructions: • Analyze whether the sequence converges pointwise and/or uniformly on the given interval. • Discuss the implications of uniform convergence for integration and differentiation of the sequence. • Provide counterexamples if any condition fails. Link: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS3IZ9qo Hazb9tC440 AZF/view?usp=sharing]arrow_forward
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