Organic Chemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305080485
Author: John E. McMurry
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 1.SE, Problem 57AP
Among the most common over-the-counter drugs you might find in a medicine cabinet are mild pain relievers such ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Aleve), and acetaminophen (Tylenol).
(a) How many sp3-hybridized carbons does each molecule have?
(b) How many sp2-hybridized carbons does each molecule have?
(c) Can you spot any similarities in their structures?
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
Octocrylene is an ingredient found in topical sunscreens. It is a water-resistant molecule
that helps protect skin against harmful UVA and UVB radiation.
Octocrylene
Please answer the following questions:
(a) What is the hybridisation of each nonhydrogen atom?
(b) Are there two unique configurations possible about the C=C double bond? Please
explain your answer.
(c) Which of the two C-C bonds indicated by the arrows would you expect to be shorte.?
Please explain your answer.
Following is a molecular model of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). Identify the hybridization of the orbitals on each carbon atom in aspirin, and tell which atoms have lone pairs of electrons (gray = C, red = O, ivory = H).
The unmistakable odor of a freshly cut cucumber is largely due to cucumber aldehyde. (a) How many sp2 hybridized carbon atoms does cucumber aldehyde contain? (b) What is the hybridization of the O atom? (c) What orbitals are used to form the carbon–oxygen double bond? (d) How many σ bonds does cucumber aldehyde contain? (e) How many π bonds does it contain?
Chapter 1 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
Ch. 1.3 - Give the ground-state electron configuration for...Ch. 1.3 - How many electrons does each of the following...Ch. 1.4 - Prob. 3PCh. 1.4 - Convert the following representation of ethane,...Ch. 1.4 - What are likely formulas for the following...Ch. 1.4 - Prob. 6PCh. 1.4 - Prob. 7PCh. 1.7 - Draw a line-bond structure for propane, CH3CH2CH3....Ch. 1.7 - Convert the following molecular model of hexane, a...Ch. 1.8 - Draw a line-bond structure for propene, CH3CH=CH2....
Ch. 1.8 - Draw a line-bond structure for 1, 3-butadiene,...Ch. 1.8 - Following is a molecular model of aspirin...Ch. 1.9 - Draw a line-bond structure for propyne, CH3C≡CH....Ch. 1.10 - Prob. 14PCh. 1.12 - Prob. 15PCh. 1.12 - Prob. 16PCh. 1.12 - The following molecular model is a representation...Ch. 1.SE - Convert each of the following molecular models...Ch. 1.SE - The following model is a representation of citric...Ch. 1.SE - The following model is a representation of...Ch. 1.SE - The following model is a representation of...Ch. 1.SE - How many valence electrons does each of the...Ch. 1.SE - Give the ground-state electron configuration for...Ch. 1.SE - Prob. 24APCh. 1.SE - Prob. 25APCh. 1.SE - Draw an electron-dot structure for acetonitrile,...Ch. 1.SE - Draw a line-bond structure for vinyl chloride,...Ch. 1.SE - Fill in any nonbonding valence electrons that are...Ch. 1.SE - Convert the following line-bond structures into...Ch. 1.SE - Convert the following molecular formulas into...Ch. 1.SE - Prob. 31APCh. 1.SE - Oxaloacetic acid, an important intermediate in...Ch. 1.SE - Prob. 33APCh. 1.SE - Potassium methoxide, KOCH3, contains both covalent...Ch. 1.SE - What is the hybridization of each carbon atom in...Ch. 1.SE - Prob. 36APCh. 1.SE - Prob. 37APCh. 1.SE - What bond angles do you expect for each of the...Ch. 1.SE - Propose structures for molecules that meet the...Ch. 1.SE - What kind of hybridization do you expect for each...Ch. 1.SE - Pyridoxal phosphate, a close relative of vitamin...Ch. 1.SE - Prob. 42APCh. 1.SE - Prob. 43APCh. 1.SE - Quetiapine, marketed as Seroquel, is a heavily...Ch. 1.SE - Tell the number of hydrogens bonded to each carbon...Ch. 1.SE - Why do you suppose no one has ever been able to...Ch. 1.SE - Allene, H2C=C=CH2, is somewhat unusual in that it...Ch. 1.SE - Allene (see Problem 1-47) is structurally related...Ch. 1.SE - Complete the electron-dot structure of caffeine,...Ch. 1.SE - Most stable organic species have tetravalent...Ch. 1.SE - A carbanion is a species that contains a...Ch. 1.SE - Divalent carbon species called carbenes are...Ch. 1.SE - There are two different substances with the...Ch. 1.SE - There are two different substances with the...Ch. 1.SE - There are two different substances with the...Ch. 1.SE - Prob. 56APCh. 1.SE - Among the most common over-the-counter drugs you...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The unmistakable odor of a freshly cut cucumber is largely due to cucumber aldehyde. (a) How many sp2 hybridized carbon atoms does cucumber aldehyde contain? (b) What is the hybridization of the O atom? (c) What orbitals are used to form the carbon–oxygen double bond? (d) How many σ bonds does cucumber aldehyde contain? (e) How many π bonds does it contain?arrow_forwardOctocrylene is an ingredient found in topical sunscreens. It is a water-resistant molecule that helps protect skin against harmful UVA and UVB radiation. (a) What is the hybridization of each nonhydrogen atom? (b) Circle all atoms bonded to the acyclic C=C double bond that are required to be in the same plane. (c) Are there two unique configurations possible about the acyclic C=C double bond? Explain. (d) Which of the two C-C single bonds indicated by arrows would you expect to be shorter? Explain. Octocrylenearrow_forwardThe unmistakable odor of a freshly cut cucumber is largely due to cucumber aldehyde.(a) How many sp2 hybridized carbon atoms does cucumber aldehyde contain? (b) What is the hybridization of the O atom? (c) What orbitals are used to form the carbon–oxygen double bond? (d) How many σ bonds does cucumber aldehyde contain? (e) How many πbonds does it contain?arrow_forward
- The following model is a representation of acetaminophen, a pain reliever sold in drugstores under a variety of names, including Tylenol. Identify the hybridization of each carbon atom in acetaminophen, and tell which atoms have lone pairs of electrons (gray = C, red = O, blue = N, ivory = H).arrow_forwardCan i get help with this problem pleasearrow_forwardEpinephrine(or adrenaline;see structure) is a naturally oc-curring hormone that is also manufactured commercially for useas a heart stimulant, a nasal decongestant, and to treat glaucoma (a) What is the hybridization of each C, O, and N atom? (b) How many σ bonds does the molecule have? (c) How many π elec-trons are delocalized in the ring?arrow_forward
- Lactic acid is a natural compound found in sour milk. (a) How many π bond occur in lactic acid? How many u bonds? (b) What is the hybridization of atoms 1, 2, and 3? (c) Which CO bond is the shortest in the molecule ? Which CO bond is the strongest? (d) What are the approximate value of the bond angles A, B and C?arrow_forwardLactic acid is a natural compound found in sour milk. Refer image (a) How many π bond occur in lactic acid? How many u bonds?(b) What is the hybridization of atoms 1, 2, and 3?(c) Which CO bond is the shortest in the molecule? Which CO bond is the strongest?(d) What are the approximate value of the bond angles A, B, and C?arrow_forward5.) Fill in the following table with the number of carbon atoms of the specific hybridization state belonging to the following molecule. ÇH2 N=C=0 # of carbon atoms Hybridization states of carbon sp sp? sparrow_forward
- Acetyl salicylic acid (aspirin), the most widely used medi-cine in the world, has the Lewisstructure at right. (a) What is the hybridization of each C and each O atom? (b) How many localized π bonds are present? (c) How many C atoms have a trigonal planar shape around them? A tetra hedral shape?arrow_forward10) Consider the molecule below. Determine the hybridization at each of the 3 labeled atoms. CI- H A1 = sp2, 2= sp3, 3 = sp2 B) 1 = sp2, 2= sp3, 3 = sp3 1 = sp3, 2 = sp3, 3 = sp3 D) 1 = sp3, 2 = sp3, 3 = sp2 Esp, 2= sp, 3 = sp2 NH Harrow_forward5. (2 points) Consider ethylene, and acetylene ethylene acetylene (a) Draw three-dimensional diagrams of each molecule. Label the hybridization of each carbon, and show all sigma and pi bonds. (b) Which of these molecules has the shortest bond length? Which has the longest? In each of these molecules, where is the largest electron density located in space?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Principles of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Chemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage Learning
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781259911156
Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305577213
Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9780078021558
Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079373
Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...
Chemistry
ISBN:9781118431221
Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
Publisher:WILEY
Stoichiometry - Chemistry for Massive Creatures: Crash Course Chemistry #6; Author: Crash Course;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UL1jmJaUkaQ;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Bonding (Ionic, Covalent & Metallic) - GCSE Chemistry; Author: Science Shorts;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p9MA6Od-zBA;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
General Chemistry 1A. Lecture 12. Two Theories of Bonding.; Author: UCI Open;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dLTlL9Z1bh0;License: CC-BY