Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The four possible stereoisomers of threonine by using wedges and dashes are to be drawn.
Concept introduction: Isomers are the compounds with similar formula and different structures. Stereoisomers are a type of isomers in which arrangement of atoms differ in space. Or the compounds that have same molecular formula but they differ in the arrangement of atoms or groups in the space are known as stereoisomers.
(b)
Interpretation: The structure which corresponds to an amino acid with
Concept introduction: The stereochemistry of the compound is determined by prioritizing the groups attached to its stereogenic center. The groups are prioritized on the basis of
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 19 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- SOURCE: GENERAL ORGANIC AND BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY BY SMITH 4TH EDITIONarrow_forward43. Specify expressions specific to panaxosides. I. taken from ginseng II. there are glucose and arabinose monosaccharides in this compound III. taken from Japanese angelica-tree IV. tetratcyclic triterpen saponins V. spirostanol type glycoside VI. dimer structure VII. biglycosides VIII. dammaran group IX. differ for number of hydroxyl groups X. furostanol type glycoside A) II; VI; VII; IX; X B) III; V; VIII C) I; IV; VIII; IX D) I; VIII; IX E) I; III; V; VII; VIII; Xarrow_forwardConsider the tetrasaccharide stachyose drawn below. Stachyose is found in white jasmine, soybeans, and lentils. Because humans cannot digest it, its consumption causes flatulence.a. Label all glycoside bonds.b. Classify each glycosidic linkage as α or β and use numbers to designate its location between two rings (e.g., 1→4-β).c. What products are formed when stachyose is hydrolyzed with H3O+?d. Is stachyose a reducing sugar?e. What product is formed when stachyose is treated with excess CH3I, Ag2O?f. What products are formed when the product in (e) is treated with H3O+?arrow_forward
- 3) Give an example of: a. A compound with 2 or more stereocenters that is superimposable on its mirror image. b. A pair of compounds that are chiral but are non-superimposable and non-mirror images. c. A pair of compounds with 2 or more stereocenters that are non-superimposable and mirror images.arrow_forwardWhich monosaccharide is a-glucose? CH,OH CH,OH CH;OH CH,OH H. H. OH H. OH HO. H. OH H. H. H. HO. H. OH H. H. H. OH H. H. H. OH H. H. H. H. H. C OD O B O C OA A,arrow_forwardConsider the structure below: HOH H. но H. H- H. он он он HO. H. H. OH O H. HO он H- H. он H. Is the trisaccharide a reducing sugar? [ Choose ] Identify the type of glycosidic linkage of the [Choose ] colored bond.arrow_forward
- Threonine is a naturally occurring amino acid that has two stereogenic centers. a. Draw the four possible stereoisomers using wedges and dashes. b. The naturally occurring amino acid has the 2S, 3R configuration at its OH two stereogenic centers. Which structure does this correspond to?arrow_forward1. Which sugars are reducing? Which sugars are non-reducing? a. Glucose: b. Fructose: c. Sucrose: d. Lactose: e. Sucrose hydrolysate: Starch hydrolysate: g. Cellulose hydrolysate: f. 2. What structural feature is responsible for the reducing property of carbohydrates?arrow_forwarda. D-(+)-mannose is a diastereomer of glucose that is important in protein glycosylation. Find the Fischer projection of D-(+)-mannose in your textbook (Chapter 23), and draw it very clearly below. b. Draw a box around the chiral center furthest from the aldehyde/ketone. (This is the carbon which can be used to determine whether the carbohydrate is D- or L-.) c. Clearly label each of the chiral centers on D-(+)-mannose with its correct (R) or (S) configuration. d. D-(+)-mannose has two different Haworth projections-one that is a and one that is ß. Draw both Haworth projections for D-(+)-mannose, and label each as either a or B. e. In addition to Benedict's test, several other chemical tests can provide information about the type(s) of carbohydrate present in a given solution. These include Barfoed's test, Seliwanoff's test, and Bial's test. Use the internet to research what each test's possible results are, and what those results tell you about the carbohydrate's structure. Note: You…arrow_forward
- Consider the tetrasaccharide stachyose drawn below. Stachyose is found in white jasmine, soybeans, and lentils. Because humans cannot digest it, its consumption causes flatulence.a. Label all glycoside bonds.b. Classify each glycosidic linkage as αα or ββ and use numbers to designate its location between two rings (e.g., 1→→4-ββ)-c. What products are formed when stachyose is hydrolyzed with H33O++?d. Is stachyose a reducing sugar?e. What product is formed when stachyose is treated with excess CH33I, Ag22O?f. What products are formed when the product in (e) is treated with H33O++?arrow_forwardQuestion 21 Match the structures with the description NH NH CHO CH HO CH, HO HỌ CH, NICH H. ocit, CH, он он HO но- HO HO он CH2 OH >arrow_forwardExplain the difference between an enantiomer and an epimer. a. Enantiomers are non-superimposable mirror image structures. Epimers are diastereomers that differ only in the orientation of one chiral center. b. Epimers are non-superimposable mirror image structures. Enantiomers are diastereomers that differ only in the orientation of one chiral center.arrow_forward
- Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...ChemistryISBN:9781305079250Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed PetersPublisher:Cengage Learning