Chapter 19, Problem 19.1P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction:The chemical structures are described by IUPAC name or common names. IUPAC nameis different from common names because IUPAC nameis applied at international level and it comprises suffix, prefix, numbers and other priority rules.

Answer to Problem 19.1P

The IUPAC name of the compound is $3,3-\text{dimethylhexanoic}\text{acid}$.

Explanation of Solution

The numbering of carbon atoms in the given compound is shown below.

Figure 1

The given compound has a chain of six carbon atoms. The carboxylic acid is present as a functional group in the compound. Two methyl groups are present at a third carbon atom. Therefore, the name of the compound is $3,3-\text{dimethylhexanoic}\text{acid}$.

Conclusion

The IUPAC name of the given compound is $3,3-\text{dimethylhexanoic}\text{acid}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction:The chemical structures are described by IUPAC name or common names. IUPAC name is different from common names because IUPAC name is applied at international level and it comprises suffix, prefix, numbers and other priority rules.

Answer to Problem 19.1P

The IUPAC name of the compound is $3-\text{bromo}-4-\text{chloro}-2-\text{fluoropentanoic}\text{acid}$.

Explanation of Solution

The numbering of carbon atoms in the given compound is shown below.

Figure 2

The given compound has a chain of five carbon atoms. The carboxylic acid is present as a functional group in the compound. Fluorine, chlorine and bromine is present at second, third and fourth carbon atoms respectively. Therefore, the name of the compound is $3-\text{bromo}-4-\text{chloro}-2-\text{fluoropentanoic}\text{acid}$.

Conclusion

The IUPAC name of the compound is $3-\text{bromo}-4-\text{chloro}-2-\text{fluoropentanoic}\text{acid}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction:The chemical structures are described by IUPAC name or common names. IUPAC name is different from common names because IUPAC name is applied at international level and it comprises suffix, prefix, numbers and other priority rules.

Answer to Problem 19.1P

The IUPAC name of the compound is $\text{2, 4-diethylhexanoic}\text{acid}$.

Explanation of Solution

The numbering of carbon atoms in the given compound is shown below.

Figure 3

The given compound has a chain of six carbon atoms. The carboxylic acid is present as a functional group in the compound. Two ethyl groups are present at second and fourth carbon atoms. Therefore, the name of the compound is $\text{2, 4-diethylhexanoic}\text{acid}$.

Conclusion

The IUPAC name of the compound is $\text{2, 4-diethylhexanoic}\text{acid}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction:The chemical structures are described by IUPAC name or common names. IUPAC name is different from common names because IUPAC name is applied at international level and it comprises suffix, prefix, numbers and other priority rules.

Answer to Problem 19.1P

The IUPAC name of the compound is $\text{4}-\text{isopropyl}-6,8-\text{dimethylnonanoic}\text{acid}$.

Explanation of Solution

The numbering of carbon atoms in the given compound is shown below.

Figure 4

The given compound has a chain of nine carbon atoms. The carboxylic acid is present as a functional group in the compound. Two methyl groups are present at eighth and nine carbon atoms, while one isopropyl group is present at fourth carbon. Therefore, the name of the compound is $\text{4}-\text{isopropyl}-6,8-\text{dimethylnonanoic}\text{acid}$.

Conclusion

The IUPAC name of the compound is $\text{4}-\text{isopropyl}-6,8-\text{dimethylnonanoic}\text{acid}$.