Chapter 19, Problem 19.30P

Draw the structure corresponding to each name.

(a) $3,3-$ dimethylpentanoic acid

(b) $4-$ chloro $-3-$ phenylheptanoic acid

(c) $\left(R\right)-2-$ chloropropanoic acid

(d) $m-$ hydroxybenzoic acid

(e) potassium acetate

(f) sodium $\text{α}-$ bromobutyrate

(g) $2,2-$ dichloropentanedioic acid

(h) $4-$ isopropyl $-2-$ methyloctanedioic acid

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The structure corresponding to the given name is to be stated.

Concept introduction: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry gave guidelines to write the chemical name of molecules. There are three steps to derive the structure of the compound from its IUPAC name. The first step involves the identification of the parent name and the functional group found at the end of the name. The second step is numbering of carbon skeleton in either direction. The third step is the addition of substituents at appropriate carbon atoms.

Answer to Problem 19.30P

The structure corresponding to $3,3-$dimethylpentanoic acid is,

Explanation of Solution

The name of the compound is $3,3-$dimethylpentanoic acid. The name suggests that the longest carbon chain consists of five carbon atoms. On third carbon atom, two methyl groups are attached. Therefore, the structure corresponding to the given name is,

Figure 1

Conclusion

The structure of $3,3-$dimethylpentanoic acid is drawn in Figure 1.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The structure corresponding to the given name is to be stated.

Concept introduction: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry gave guidelines to write the chemical name of molecules. There are three steps to derive the structure of the compound from its IUPAC name. The first step involves the identification of the parent name and the functional group found at the end of the name. The second step is numbering of carbon skeleton in either direction. The third step is the addition of substituents at appropriate carbon atoms.

Answer to Problem 19.30P

The structure corresponding to $4-$chloro$-3-$phenylheptanoic acid is,

Explanation of Solution

The name of the compound is $4-$chloro$-3-$phenylheptanoic acid. The name suggests that the longest carbon chain consists of seven carbon atoms. On third and fourth carbon atoms, phenyl and chlorine groups are attached respectively. Therefore, the structure corresponding to the given name is,

Figure 2

Conclusion

The structure of $4-$chloro$-3-$phenylheptanoic acid is drawn in Figure 2.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The structure corresponding to the given name is to be stated.

Concept introduction: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry gave guidelines to write the chemical name of molecules. There are three steps to derive the structure of the compound from its IUPAC name. The first step involves the identification of the parent name and the functional group found at the end of the name. The second step is numbering of carbon skeleton in either direction. The third step is the addition of substituents at appropriate carbon atoms.

Answer to Problem 19.30P

The structure corresponding to $\left(R\right)-2-$chloropropanoic acid is,

Explanation of Solution

The name of the compound is $\left(R\right)-2-$chloropropanoic acid. The name suggests that the longest carbon chain consists of three carbon atoms. Chlorine group is attached to the second carbon atom.

The stereochemistry of the compound is determined by prioritizing the groups attached to its stereogenic center. The groups are prioritized on the basis of atomic number of their atoms. The configuration of the compound is $R$ because the movement from higher priority to lower priority substituent is in anti clockwise direction and the lowest priority group is present above the plane.

Therefore, the structure corresponding to the given name is,

Figure 3

Conclusion

The structure of $\left(R\right)-2-$chloropropanoic acid is drawn in Figure 3.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation: The structure corresponding to given name is to be stated.

Concept introduction: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry gave guidelines to write the chemical name of molecules. There are three steps to derive the structure of the compound from its IUPAC name. The first step involves the identification of the parent name and the functional group found at the end of the name. The second step is numbering of carbon skeleton in either direction. The third step is the addition of substituents at appropriate carbon atoms.

Answer to Problem 19.30P

The structure corresponding to $m-$hydroxybenzoic acid is,

Explanation of Solution

The name of the compound is $m-$hydroxybenzoic acid. The name suggests that the compound contains an aromatic benzene ring. The functional group present in the compound is carboxylic acid. The hydroxyl group is attached at meta position in the benzoic acid. Therefore, the structure corresponding to the given name is,

Figure 4

Conclusion

The structure of $m-$hydroxybenzoic acid is drawn in Figure 4.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation: The structure corresponding to the given name is to be stated.

Concept introduction: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry gave guidelines to write the chemical name of molecules. There are three steps to derive the structure of the compound from its IUPAC name. The first step involves the identification of the parent name and the functional group found at the end of the name. The second step is numbering of carbon skeleton in either direction. The third step is the addition of substituents at appropriate carbon atoms.

Answer to Problem 19.30P

The structure corresponding to potassium acetate is,

Explanation of Solution

The name of the compound is potassium acetate. The name suggests that potassium is present in the place of hydrogen in acetic acid. Therefore, the structure corresponding to the given name is,

Figure 5

Conclusion

The structure of potassium acetate is drawn in Figure 5.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation: The structure corresponding to the given name is to be stated.

Concept introduction: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry gave guidelines to write the chemical name of molecules. There are three steps to derive the structure of the compound from its IUPAC name. The first step involves the identification of the parent name and the functional group found at the end of the name. The second step is numbering of carbon skeleton in either direction. The third step is the addition of substituents at appropriate carbon atoms.

Answer to Problem 19.30P

The structure corresponding to sodium $\text{α}-$bromobutyrate is,

Explanation of Solution

The name of the compound is sodium $\text{α}-$bromobutyrate. The name suggests that the longest carbon chain consists of four carbon atoms. On second carbon atom, bromine group is attached. Therefore, the structure corresponding to the given name is,

Figure 6

Conclusion

The structure of sodium $\text{α}-$bromobutyrate is drawn in Figure 6.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation: The structure corresponding to the given name is to be stated.

Concept introduction: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry gave guidelines to write the chemical name of molecules. There are three steps to derive the structure of the compound from its IUPAC name. The first step involves the identification of the parent name and the functional group found at the end of the name. The second step is numbering of carbon skeleton in either direction. The third step is the addition of substituents at appropriate carbon atoms.

Answer to Problem 19.30P

The structure corresponding to $2,2-$dichloropentanedioic acid is,

Explanation of Solution

The name of the compound is $2,2-$dichloropentanedioic acid. The name suggests that the longest carbon chain consists of five carbon atoms. On second carbon atom, two chlorine groups are attached. Therefore, the structure corresponding to the given name is,

Figure 7

Conclusion

The structure of $2,2-$dichloropentanedioic acid is drawn in Figure 7.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation: The structure corresponding to the given name is to be stated.

Concept introduction: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry gave guidelines to write the chemical name of molecules. There are three steps to derive the structure of the compound from its IUPAC name. The first step involves the identification of the parent name and the functional group found at the end of the name. The second step is numbering of carbon skeleton in either direction. The third step is the addition of substituents at appropriate carbon atoms.

Answer to Problem 19.30P

The structure corresponding to $4-$isopropyl$-2-$methyloctanedioic acid is,

Explanation of Solution

The name of the compound is $4-$isopropyl$-2-$methyloctanedioic acid. The name suggests that the longest carbon chain consists of eight carbon atoms. On second and fourth carbon atom, methyl and isopropyl groups are attached. Therefore, the structure corresponding to the given name is,

Figure 8

Conclusion

The structure of $4-$isopropyl$-2-$methyloctanedioic acid $2,2-$dichloropentanedioic acid is drawn in Figure 8.