(a) Interpretation: The explanation corresponding to the given statement that the p K a of p - nitrophenol is lower than the p K a of phenol is to be stated. Concept introduction: The p K a value is inversely related to the acidic strength of the compound. The major factors that contribute to the acidic strength are s character, inductive effect and polarity. The high percentage of s character increases the acidity. There are two types of inductive effects named as positive or electron releasing and negative or electron withdrawing inductive effect. Positive inductive effect lowers the acidic strength of the compounds, whereas negative inductive effect increases the acidic strength of the compounds.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 19.43P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The explanation corresponding to the given statement that the pKa of p-nitrophenol is lower than the pKa of phenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The pKa value is inversely related to the acidic strength of the compound. The major factors that contribute to the acidic strength are s character, inductive effect and polarity. The high percentage of s character increases the acidity. There are two types of inductive effects named as positive or electron releasing and negative or electron withdrawing inductive effect. Positive inductive effect lowers the acidic strength of the compounds, whereas negative inductive effect increases the acidic strength of the compounds.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The explanation corresponding to the given statement that the pKa of p-nitrophenol is lower than the pKa of m-nitrophenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The pKa value is inversely related to the acidic strength of the compound. The major factors that contribute to the acidic strength are s character, inductive effect and polarity. The high percentage of s character increases the acidity. There are two types of inductive effects named as positive or electron releasing and negative or electron withdrawing inductive effect. Positive inductive effect lowers the acidic strength of the compounds, whereas negative inductive effect increases the acidic strength of the compounds.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 19.43P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The explanation corresponding to the given statement that the pKa of p-nitrophenol is lower than the pKa of phenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The pKa value is inversely related to the acidic strength of the compound. The major factors that contribute to the acidic strength are s character, inductive effect and polarity. The high percentage of s character increases the acidity. There are two types of inductive effects named as positive or electron releasing and negative or electron withdrawing inductive effect. Positive inductive effect lowers the acidic strength of the compounds, whereas negative inductive effect increases the acidic strength of the compounds.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The explanation corresponding to the given statement that the pKa of p-nitrophenol is lower than the pKa of m-nitrophenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The pKa value is inversely related to the acidic strength of the compound. The major factors that contribute to the acidic strength are s character, inductive effect and polarity. The high percentage of s character increases the acidity. There are two types of inductive effects named as positive or electron releasing and negative or electron withdrawing inductive effect. Positive inductive effect lowers the acidic strength of the compounds, whereas negative inductive effect increases the acidic strength of the compounds.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 19.43P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The explanation corresponding to the given statement that the pKa of p-nitrophenol is lower than the pKa of phenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The pKa value is inversely related to the acidic strength of the compound. The major factors that contribute to the acidic strength are s character, inductive effect and polarity. The high percentage of s character increases the acidity. There are two types of inductive effects named as positive or electron releasing and negative or electron withdrawing inductive effect. Positive inductive effect lowers the acidic strength of the compounds, whereas negative inductive effect increases the acidic strength of the compounds.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The explanation corresponding to the given statement that the pKa of p-nitrophenol is lower than the pKa of m-nitrophenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The pKa value is inversely related to the acidic strength of the compound. The major factors that contribute to the acidic strength are s character, inductive effect and polarity. The high percentage of s character increases the acidity. There are two types of inductive effects named as positive or electron releasing and negative or electron withdrawing inductive effect. Positive inductive effect lowers the acidic strength of the compounds, whereas negative inductive effect increases the acidic strength of the compounds.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 19.43P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The explanation corresponding to the given statement that the pKa of p-nitrophenol is lower than the pKa of phenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The pKa value is inversely related to the acidic strength of the compound. The major factors that contribute to the acidic strength are s character, inductive effect and polarity. The high percentage of s character increases the acidity. There are two types of inductive effects named as positive or electron releasing and negative or electron withdrawing inductive effect. Positive inductive effect lowers the acidic strength of the compounds, whereas negative inductive effect increases the acidic strength of the compounds.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The explanation corresponding to the given statement that the pKa of p-nitrophenol is lower than the pKa of m-nitrophenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The pKa value is inversely related to the acidic strength of the compound. The major factors that contribute to the acidic strength are s character, inductive effect and polarity. The high percentage of s character increases the acidity. There are two types of inductive effects named as positive or electron releasing and negative or electron withdrawing inductive effect. Positive inductive effect lowers the acidic strength of the compounds, whereas negative inductive effect increases the acidic strength of the compounds.

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Answer 5

Chapter 19, Problem 19.43P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The explanation corresponding to the given statement that the pKa of p-nitrophenol is lower than the pKa of phenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The pKa value is inversely related to the acidic strength of the compound. The major factors that contribute to the acidic strength are s character, inductive effect and polarity. The high percentage of s character increases the acidity. There are two types of inductive effects named as positive or electron releasing and negative or electron withdrawing inductive effect. Positive inductive effect lowers the acidic strength of the compounds, whereas negative inductive effect increases the acidic strength of the compounds.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The explanation corresponding to the given statement that the pKa of p-nitrophenol is lower than the pKa of m-nitrophenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The pKa value is inversely related to the acidic strength of the compound. The major factors that contribute to the acidic strength are s character, inductive effect and polarity. The high percentage of s character increases the acidity. There are two types of inductive effects named as positive or electron releasing and negative or electron withdrawing inductive effect. Positive inductive effect lowers the acidic strength of the compounds, whereas negative inductive effect increases the acidic strength of the compounds.

Answer 6

Chapter 19, Problem 19.43P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The explanation corresponding to the given statement that the pKa of p-nitrophenol is lower than the pKa of phenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The pKa value is inversely related to the acidic strength of the compound. The major factors that contribute to the acidic strength are s character, inductive effect and polarity. The high percentage of s character increases the acidity. There are two types of inductive effects named as positive or electron releasing and negative or electron withdrawing inductive effect. Positive inductive effect lowers the acidic strength of the compounds, whereas negative inductive effect increases the acidic strength of the compounds.

Answer 7

Chapter 19, Problem 19.43P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The explanation corresponding to the given statement that the pKa of p-nitrophenol is lower than the pKa of phenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The pKa value is inversely related to the acidic strength of the compound. The major factors that contribute to the acidic strength are s character, inductive effect and polarity. The high percentage of s character increases the acidity. There are two types of inductive effects named as positive or electron releasing and negative or electron withdrawing inductive effect. Positive inductive effect lowers the acidic strength of the compounds, whereas negative inductive effect increases the acidic strength of the compounds.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The explanation corresponding to the given statement that the pKa of p-nitrophenol is lower than the pKa of m-nitrophenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The pKa value is inversely related to the acidic strength of the compound. The major factors that contribute to the acidic strength are s character, inductive effect and polarity. The high percentage of s character increases the acidity. There are two types of inductive effects named as positive or electron releasing and negative or electron withdrawing inductive effect. Positive inductive effect lowers the acidic strength of the compounds, whereas negative inductive effect increases the acidic strength of the compounds.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The explanation corresponding to the given statement that the pKa of p-nitrophenol is lower than the pKa of m-nitrophenol is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The pKa value is inversely related to the acidic strength of the compound. The major factors that contribute to the acidic strength are s character, inductive effect and polarity. The high percentage of s character increases the acidity. There are two types of inductive effects named as positive or electron releasing and negative or electron withdrawing inductive effect. Positive inductive effect lowers the acidic strength of the compounds, whereas negative inductive effect increases the acidic strength of the compounds.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.1P Ch. 19 - Problem 19.2 Give the structure corresponding to...Ch. 19 - Problem 19.3 Draw the structure corresponding to...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.4P Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.5P Ch. 19 - Problem 19.6 Rank the following compounds in order...Ch. 19 - Problem 19.7 Explain how you could use IR...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.8P Ch. 19 - Problem 19.9 How many tetrahedral stereogenic...Ch. 19 - Problem 19.10 What alcohol can be oxidized to each...

Solution Summary: The author explains that the pK_ a value is inversely related to the acidic strength of the compound.

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