Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
To draw the structural formula of given organic compounds.
Concept Introduction:
Ester, amide and anhydride are derivatives of carboxylic acid.
Answer to Problem 19.4P
Explanation of Solution
We know that
(b)
Interpretation:
To draw the structural formula of given organic compounds.
Concept Introduction:
Ester, amide and anhydride are derivatives of carboxylic acid.
Answer to Problem 19.4P
Explanation of Solution
This is a nitro derivative of benzamide in which nitro group is bonded at para position with respect to amide group. Benzamide is
(c)
Interpretation:
To draw the structural formula of given organic compounds.
Concept Introduction:
Ester, amide and anhydride are derivatives of carboxylic acid.
Answer to Problem 19.4P
Explanation of Solution
Alkyl alkanoate is the general name for ester. Here Alkyl indicates the small alkyl group in RCOOR and alkanoate is RCOO- part. The name given is ethyl 3-hydroxybutanate, hence 3-hydroxybutanate will be RCOO-part and ethyl will be another r of ester. Therefore, the structure of ethyl 3-hydroxybutanate will be
(d)
Interpretation:
To draw the structural formula of given organic compounds.
Concept Introduction:
Ester, amide and anhydride are derivatives of carboxylic acid.
Answer to Problem 19.4P
Explanation of Solution
Diethyl oxalate is the diester of oxalic acid (HOOC-COOH). As name suggested, diethyl stands for two ethyl group bonded at both carbon atoms of oxalic acid hence the formula will be
(e)
Interpretation:
To draw the structural formula of given organic compounds.
Concept Introduction:
Ester, amide and anhydride are derivatives of carboxylic acid.
Answer to Problem 19.4P
Ethyl trans-2-pentenoate.
Explanation of Solution
Ethyl trans-2-pentenoate is the ester of 2-pentenoic acid with ethanol. Here trans indicates the position of H on both double bonded carbon atoms. Hence in the formula of ester R1 -COO-R2 ; R2 will be ethyl group from alcohol and R1 will be alkyl group from acid.
(f)
Interpretation:
To draw the structural formula of given organic compounds.
Concept Introduction:
Ester, amide and anhydride are derivatives of carboxylic acid.
Answer to Problem 19.4P
Butanoic anhydride.
Explanation of Solution
Butanoic anhydride is the anhydride of butanoic acid with −COOCO- as functional group. Butanoic acid is
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Chapter 19 Solutions
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
- Describe concisely a chemical test to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds.(a) Propanal and propanone(b) Phenol and benzoic acid(c) Hexan-3-one and hexan-2-onearrow_forward(a) Draw the structure of the hemiacetal formed from one mole of benzaldehyde and one mole of ethanol. (b) Draw the structure of the acetal formed from one mole of benzaldehyde and two moles of ethanol. (c) Draw the structure of 2-methoxy-2-butanol. What compounds could you prepare this from?arrow_forward14. What is the IUPAC name for the following compound? NH- (a) propyl propanamide (b) propyl propanoate (c) N-propylptopanamine. (d) N, N-propylpropanamide (e) N-propxlpropanamidearrow_forward
- Which, if any, of the following compounds can be prepared by a malonic ester synthesis? Show the alkyl halide you would use in each case. (a) Ethyl pentanoate (c) Ethyl 2-rnethylbutanoate (d) Ethyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate (b) Ethyl 3-methylbutanoatearrow_forward(a) Draw the structure of the hemiacetal formed from one mole of benzaldehyde and one mole of ethanol. (b) Draw the structure of the acetal formed from one mole of benzaldehyde and two moles of ethanol. (c) Draw the structure of 2-methoxy-2-butanol. What compounds could you prepare this from? (d) Draw the structure of 3-methoxyl-2-butanol. What functional groups are present? Is this an acetal, a hemiacetal, or neither? Explain. (e) Identify the functional groups in the molecules shown below. Circle any acetals or hemiacetal, and identify which they are. 0-arrow_forward1. Draw structures for the following: (a) N,N-dimethylpentanamide (b) Acetamide(c) 2,3-dimethylpentanamide (d) N-ethylbenzamidearrow_forward
- Given that C6H11COOH has a pKa = 4.8 and C6H11N+H3 has a pKa = 10.7, (a) What pH would you make the water layer to cause the carboxylic acid to dissolve in the water layer and the amine to dissolve in the ether layer? (b) What pH would you make the water layer to cause the carboxylic acid to dissolve in the ether layer and the amine to dissolve in the water layer?arrow_forwardAmines with more than 6 carbons are soluble in: a) aqueous HCI b) aqueous NaHCO3 d) water c) aqueous NaOH Which of the following would give a positive iodoform test? acetone a) benzophenone c) 3-pentanone d) cyclopentanone meth "Saponification" as the term is used in organic chemistry means: a) acidic hydrolysis of an ester b) basic hydrolysis of an ester c) acidic hydrolysis of an amide d) basic hydrolysis of an amide 3. ( Propylamine can be synthesized by the LiAlH4 reduction of: a) CH3CH2CECH b) CH3CH=NH d)) CH3CH2CEN c) CH3CH2NO2arrow_forwardThe oxidation of 3-methylbutanal with potassium permanganate in an acid medium produces compound A and the reduction of cyclohexanone with NaBH4 produces compound B. Indicate the CORRECT alternative: a) A reacts rapidly with water to produce a carboxylic acid. b) Reaction of B with methylamine produces an amide. c) Reaction of A with an acyl chloride produces an ester. d) B reacts with HCN to produce a cyanohydrin. e) The reaction of A and B in an acid medium produces cyclohexyl 3-methylbutanoate.arrow_forward
- Predict the products formed when cyclohexanone reacts with the following reagents.(a) CH3NH2, Harrow_forwardDraw a structural formula for each amine. (a) 1,5-Pentanediamine (b) 2-Bromoaniline (c) Tributylaminearrow_forwardEthyl butyrate, CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3, is an artificial fruit flavor commonly used in the food industry for such flavors as orange and pineapple. Its fragrance and taste are often associated with fresh orange juice, and thus it is most commonly used as orange flavoring. It can be produced by the reaction of butanoic acid with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst (H+H+): CH3CH2CH2CO2H(l)+CH2CH3OH(l)H+⟶CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3(l)+H2O(l)CH3CH2CH2CO2H(l)+CH2CH3OH(l)⟶H+CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3(l)+H2O(l) A chemist ran the reaction and obtained 5.40 g of ethyl butyrate. What was the percent yield, The chemist discovers a more efficient catalyst that can produce ethyl butyrate with a 78.0% yield. How many grams would be produced from 7.45g of butanoic acid and excess ethanol?arrow_forward
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning