Chapter 18.2, Problem 12PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The ionization equation and acid ionization constant of the given compound is to be written.

Concept introduction:

Ionization equations show the species which are formed on dissolving the compound in aqueous solution.

The acid ionization constant tells about equilibrium that whether reactants are favored or products.

For a reaction,

$\text{H}\text{A}+{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\rightleftharpoons {\text{A}}^{-}+{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}$

Acid ionization constant is given by:

$\begin{array}{l}{\text{k}}_{\text{a}}=\frac{\left[{\text{A}}^{-}\right]\times \left[{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}\right]}{\left[\text{H}\text{A}\right]}\end{array}$

  $\begin{array}{c}\text{w}\text{h}\text{e}\text{r}\text{e},\end{array}$

  $\begin{array}{c}\left[{\text{A}}^{-}\right]\text{i}\text{s}\text{c}\text{o}\text{n}\text{c}\text{e}\text{n}\text{t}\text{r}\text{a}\text{t}\text{i}\text{o}\text{n}\text{o}\text{f}{\text{A}}^{-}\end{array}$

  $\begin{array}{c}\left[{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}\right]\text{i}\text{s}\text{c}\text{o}\text{n}\text{c}\text{e}\text{n}\text{t}\text{r}\text{a}\text{t}\text{i}\text{o}\text{n}\text{o}\text{f}{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}\end{array}$

  $\begin{array}{c}\left[\text{H}\text{A}\right]\text{i}\text{s}\text{c}\text{o}\text{n}\text{c}\text{e}\text{n}\text{t}\text{r}\text{a}\text{t}\text{i}\text{o}\text{n}\text{o}\text{f}\text{H}\text{A}\end{array}$

Answer to Problem 12PP

Ionization equation:

$\text{H}\text{C}\text{l}{\text{O}}_2+{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\rightleftharpoons \text{C}\text{l}{\text{O}}_2{}^{-}+{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}$

The acid ionization constant is

${\text{k}}_{\text{a}}=\frac{\left[\text{C}\text{l}{\text{O}}_2{}^{-}\right]\times \left[{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}\right]}{\left[\text{H}\text{C}\text{l}{\text{O}}_2\right]}$

Explanation of Solution

When $\text{H}\text{C}\text{l}{\text{O}}_2$ is dissolved in an aqueous medium, the ionic equation is given by:

$\text{H}\text{C}\text{l}{\text{O}}_2+{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\rightleftharpoons \text{C}\text{l}{\text{O}}_2{}^{-}+{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}$

Thus, the acid ionization constant is

${\text{k}}_{\text{a}}=\frac{\left[\text{C}\text{l}{\text{O}}_2{}^{-}\right]\times \left[{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}\right]}{\left[\text{H}\text{C}\text{l}{\text{O}}_2\right]}$

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The ionization equation and acid ionization constant of the given compound is to be written.

Concept introduction:

Ionization equations show the species which are formed on dissolving the compound in aqueous solution.

The value of an acid ionization constant tells about the state of whether reactants or products are more favored in the reaction.

For a reaction,

$\text{H}\text{A}+{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\rightleftharpoons {\text{A}}^{-}+{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}$

Acid ionization constant is given by:

$\begin{array}{l}{\text{k}}_{\text{a}}=\frac{\left[{\text{A}}^{-}\right]\times \left[{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}\right]}{\left[\text{H}\text{A}\right]}\end{array}$

  $\begin{array}{c}\text{w}\text{h}\text{e}\text{r}\text{e},\end{array}$

  $\begin{array}{c}\left[{\text{A}}^{-}\right]\text{i}\text{s}\text{c}\text{o}\text{n}\text{c}\text{e}\text{n}\text{t}\text{r}\text{a}\text{t}\text{i}\text{o}\text{n}\text{o}\text{f}{\text{A}}^{-}\end{array}$

  $\begin{array}{c}\left[{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}\right]\text{i}\text{s}\text{c}\text{o}\text{n}\text{c}\text{e}\text{n}\text{t}\text{r}\text{a}\text{t}\text{i}\text{o}\text{n}\text{o}\text{f}{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}\end{array}$

  $\begin{array}{c}\left[\text{H}\text{A}\right]\text{i}\text{s}\text{c}\text{o}\text{n}\text{c}\text{e}\text{n}\text{t}\text{r}\text{a}\text{t}\text{i}\text{o}\text{n}\text{o}\text{f}\text{H}\text{A}\end{array}$

Answer to Problem 12PP

Ionization equation:

$\text{H}\text{N}{\text{O}}_2+{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\rightleftharpoons \text{N}{\text{O}}_2{}^{-}+{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}$

The acid ionization constant is:

${\text{k}}_{\text{a}}=\frac{\left[\text{N}{\text{O}}_2{}^{-}\right]\times \left[{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}\right]}{\left[\text{H}\text{N}{\text{O}}_2\right]}$

Explanation of Solution

When $\text{H}\text{C}\text{l}{\text{O}}_2$ is dissolved in aqueous medium, ionic equation is given by:

$\text{H}\text{N}{\text{O}}_2+{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\rightleftharpoons \text{N}{\text{O}}_2{}^{-}+{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}$

Thus, acid ionization constant is:

${\text{k}}_{\text{a}}=\frac{\left[\text{N}{\text{O}}_2{}^{-}\right]\times \left[{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}\right]}{\left[\text{H}\text{N}{\text{O}}_2\right]}$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The ionization equation and acid ionization constant of the given compound is to be written.

Concept introduction:

Ionization equations show the species which are formed on dissolving the compound in aqueous solution.

The value of an acid ionization constant tells about the state of whether reactants or products are more favored in the reaction.

For a reaction,

$\text{H}\text{A}+{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\rightleftharpoons {\text{A}}^{-}+{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}$

Acid ionization constant is given by:

$\begin{array}{l}{\text{k}}_{\text{a}}=\frac{\left[{\text{A}}^{-}\right]\times \left[{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}\right]}{\left[\text{H}\text{A}\right]}\end{array}$

  $\begin{array}{c}\text{w}\text{h}\text{e}\text{r}\text{e},\end{array}$

  $\begin{array}{c}\left[{\text{A}}^{-}\right]\text{i}\text{s}\text{c}\text{o}\text{n}\text{c}\text{e}\text{n}\text{t}\text{r}\text{a}\text{t}\text{i}\text{o}\text{n}\text{o}\text{f}{\text{A}}^{-}\end{array}$

  $\begin{array}{c}\left[{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}\right]\text{i}\text{s}\text{c}\text{o}\text{n}\text{c}\text{e}\text{n}\text{t}\text{r}\text{a}\text{t}\text{i}\text{o}\text{n}\text{o}\text{f}{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}\end{array}$

  $\begin{array}{c}\left[\text{H}\text{A}\right]\text{i}\text{s}\text{c}\text{o}\text{n}\text{c}\text{e}\text{n}\text{t}\text{r}\text{a}\text{t}\text{i}\text{o}\text{n}\text{o}\text{f}\text{H}\text{A}\end{array}$

Answer to Problem 12PP

Ionization equation:

$\text{H}\text{I}\text{O}+{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\rightleftharpoons \text{I}{\text{O}}^{-}+{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}$

The acid ionization constant is:

${\text{k}}_{\text{a}}=\frac{\left[\text{I}{\text{O}}^{-}\right]\times \left[{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}\right]}{\left[\text{H}\text{I}\text{O}\right]}$

Explanation of Solution

When $\text{H}\text{C}\text{l}{\text{O}}_2$ is dissolved in aqueous medium, ionic equation is given by:

$\text{H}\text{I}\text{O}+{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\rightleftharpoons \text{I}{\text{O}}^{-}+{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}$

Thus, acid ionization constant is:

${\text{k}}_{\text{a}}=\frac{\left[\text{I}{\text{O}}^{-}\right]\times \left[{\text{H}}_3{\text{O}}^{+}\right]}{\left[\text{H}\text{I}\text{O}\right]}$