Chapter 18, Problem 60A

Explain the difference between a monoprotic acid, a diprotic acid, and a triprotic acid. Give an example of each.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The difference between monoprotic, diprotic and triprotic acid are to mentioned giving examples.

Concept introduction:

According to Arrhenius,

Acid is a substance which gives hydrogen ion in aqueous solution.

Acids are classified into monoprotic, diprotic and triprotic acid according to number of hydrogen ions it gives in aqueous solution.

Answer to Problem 60A

Acid	Monoprotic	Diprotic	Triprotic
Definition	Can donate one hydrogen ion	Can donate two hydrogen ions	Can donate three hydrogen ions
Example	$HCl$	$H_{2}S{O}_4$	$H_{3}P{O}_4$

Explanation of Solution

Monoprotic Acid: The acid which can donate one hydrogen ion is monoprotic acid.

Example: $HCl$

$HCl\to H^{+}+C{l}^{-}$

Diprotic Acid: The acid which can donate two hydrogen ions is diprotic acid.

Example: $H_{2}S{O}_4$

$H_{2}S{O}_4\to 2H^{+}+S{O}_4{}^{2-}$

Triprotic Acid: The acid which can donate three hydrogen ions is triprotic acid.

Example: $H_{3}P{O}_4$

$H_{3}P{O}_4\to 3H^{+}+P{O}_4{}^{3-}$

Conclusion

Thus acid which gives one hydrogen ion is monoprotic, which gives two is diprotic and which gives three is triprotic acid.