Chapter 18.2, Problem 19SSC

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The conjugate acid-base pairs in given reaction is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

The concept of conjugate acid-base pair is given by Bronsted-Lowry.

According to it,

Acid is a substance which donate hydrogen ion and Base is a substance which accept hydrogen ion.

When acid donates $H^{+}$, the species form is conjugate base and when base accepts $H^{+}$, the species form is conjugate acid.

Answer to Problem 19SSC

Conjugate acid: $H_3{O}^{+}$

Conjugate base: $HCO{O}^{-}$

Explanation of Solution

The equation is:

$HCOOH+H_{2}O\rightleftharpoons HCO{O}^{-}+H_3{O}^{+}$

Formic acid donates hydrogen ions to form formate ion. So it is conjugate base.

Water accepts proton to form $H_3{O}^{+}$ so it is conjugate acid.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The conjugate acid-base pairs in given reaction is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

The concept of conjugate acid-base pair is given by Arrhenius.

According to it,

Acid is a substance which donate hydrogen ion and Base is a substance which accept hydrogen ion.

When acid donates $H^{+}$, the species form is conjugate base and when base accepts $H^{+}$, the species form is conjugate acid.

Answer to Problem 19SSC

Conjugate acid: $N{H}_4{}^{+}$

Conjugate base: $O{H}^{-}$

Explanation of Solution

The equation is:

$N{H}_3+H_{2}O\rightleftharpoons N{H}_4{}^{+}+O{H}^{-}$

$H_{2}O$ donates hydrogen ions to form $H_3{O}^{+}$. So it is conjugate base.

$N{H}_3$ accepts proton to form $N{H}_4{}^{+}$ so it is conjugate acid.