Essential Organic Chemistry, Global Edition
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781292089034
Author: Paula Yurkanis Bruice
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 18.12, Problem 27P
What groups are interchanged in the following enzyme-catalyzed reaction that requires coenzyme B12?
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Chapter 18 Solutions
Essential Organic Chemistry, Global Edition
Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 1PCh. 18.2 - If H218O were used to hydrolyze lysozyme, which...Ch. 18.3 - Which of the following amino acid side chains can...Ch. 18.3 - Arginine and lysine side chains fit into trypsins...Ch. 18.4 - Which of the following amino acid side chains can...Ch. 18.4 - Prob. 6PCh. 18.5 - Prob. 7PCh. 18.5 - Draw the mechanism for the hydroxide-ion-catalyzed...Ch. 18.5 - What advantage does the enzyme gain by forming an...Ch. 18.7 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 18.7 - Prob. 11PCh. 18.8 - How many conjugated double bonds are there in a....Ch. 18.8 - Instead of adding to the 4a-position and...Ch. 18.8 - In succinate dehydrogenase, FAD is covalently...Ch. 18.8 - Prob. 15PCh. 18.9 - Acetolactate synthase is another TPP-requiring...Ch. 18.9 - Acetolactate synthase can also transfer the acyl...Ch. 18.9 - Prob. 18PCh. 18.9 - Prob. 19PCh. 18.10 - Prob. 21PCh. 18.11 - Prob. 23PCh. 18.11 - Which compound is more easily decarboxylated?Ch. 18.11 - Explain why the ability of PLP to catalyze an...Ch. 18.11 - Explain why the ability of PLP to catalyze an...Ch. 18.12 - What groups are interchanged in the following...Ch. 18.13 - Why is the coenzyme called tetrahydrofolate?Ch. 18.13 - What amino acid is formed by the following...Ch. 18.13 - How do the structures of tetrahydrofolate and...Ch. 18.13 - What is the source of the methyl group in...Ch. 18 - Prob. 32PCh. 18 - Prob. 33PCh. 18 - From what vitamins are the following coenzymes...Ch. 18 - Prob. 35PCh. 18 - For each of the following reaction, name both the...Ch. 18 - Explain why serine proteases do not catalyze...Ch. 18 - Prob. 38PCh. 18 - For each of the following enzyme catalyzed...Ch. 18 - Trisephosphate isomerase (TIM) catalyzes the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 41PCh. 18 - What acyl groups have we seen transferred by...Ch. 18 - When UMP is dissolved in T2O, exchange of T for H...Ch. 18 - Prob. 44PCh. 18 - When transaminated, the three branched-chain amino...Ch. 18 - Aldolase shows no activity if it is incubated with...
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- What is the transition state in an enzyme- catalyzed reaction.arrow_forwardThe hydrolysis of pyrophosphate to orthophosphate drives biosynthetic reactions such as DNA synthesis. In Escherichia coli, a pyrophosphatase catalyzes this hydrolytic reaction. The pyrophosphatase has a mass of 120 kDa and consists of six identical subunits. A unit of activity for this enzyme, U, is the amount of enzyme that hydrolyzes 10 umol of pyrophosphate in 15 minutes. The purified enzyme has a Vnax of 2800 U per milligram of enzyme. When (S] >> KM, how many micromoles of substrate can 1 mg of enzyme hydrolyze per second? Vnax = umol -s. mg- If cach enzyme subunit has one active site, how many micromoles of active sites, or (E]r, are there in 1 mg of enzyme? (Er = umol - mg-arrow_forwardPlease solve it asaparrow_forward
- Identify the class and sub-class of the enzyme on the given enzyme-catalyzed reactionarrow_forwardConsider the following reaction: H-C-O-P-O CH2 0- OH C-O-P-0- Leaving Group CH2 0- • What is the leaving group? • What is the enzyme classification for the enzyme that catalyzes this reaction? ptsarrow_forwardIdentify the modes of catalysis and when / why they occur• Acid-base • Covalent• Transition state stabilization• Catalysis by proximity • Catalysis by strain• Lock & key is better seen as describing substrate binding to active sitearrow_forward
- One pathway for the metabolism of D-glucose 6-phosphate is its enzyme-catalyzed conversion to D-fructose 6-phosphate. Show that this transformation can be accom- plished as two enzyme-catalyzed keto-enol tautomerisms. СНО CH,OH C=0 enzyme catalysis Но Но H OH H H. O- H- -HO- ČH,OPO, ČH,OPO, D-Glucose 6-phosphate D-Fructose 6-phosphatearrow_forwardWhat are the products for the chemical reaction of C2H5OH+O2—->arrow_forwardAcetylcholine esterase is an important enzyme in neural synaptic signal transmission. It breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine after it binds the acetylcholine receptor. Its active site has the same features used by serine proteases. Here is the reaction catalyzed by Acetylcholine esterase: Acetylcholine Choline OH Acetate + H Acetylcholine is an ester, while peptide bonds cleaved by proteases are amides. How should acetylcholine estease's mechanism accommodate this? This cannot be determined from the information presented in class and in this question. For amides, the amide nitrogen is deprotonate to make it more like an ester. The same mechanism cleaves deprotonated amides and esters. No changes are needed. The mechanism same works for esters and amides. Prior to cleavage, a transamination converts the ester to an amide. The esterase will make a covalent intermediate to an amine to create the amide to be cleaved.arrow_forward
- Which of the following general molecules will react with Br2 so that the major substrate product structure contains TWO Br atoms after ONE reaction step? O An alkene molecule (in the presence of a relatively nonpolar solvent such as CCI4 or CH2CI2) An alkane molecule, when an iron-based catalyst (such as FeBr3 or FeC13) is present An aromatic (benzene-containing) molecule, when an iron-based catalyst (such as FeBr3 or FeC13) is present 3 of these 4 responses are correct An aromatic (benzene-containing) molecule (in the presence of a relatively nonpolar solvent such as CCI4 or CH2CI2)arrow_forwardA flavin-dependent enzyme catalyzes the transformation shown below. NH₂ FAD NH₂ a) Circle the specific class of enzymes below to which this flavin-dependent enzyme most likely belongs. oxidase monooxygenase (FMO) b) Circle the co-substrate this enzyme requires for activity. NAD(P)+ NAD(P)H c) Circle the co-product this enzyme produces. H₂O H₂O2 Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase (BVMO) reductase no co-substrate required Neither d) Provide a complete curved-arrow mechanism for the transformation shown above. You should draw all reaction intermediates in their most stable resonance form wherever possible. Be sure your mechanism shows the formation of all co-products. You may continue your mechanism onto the next page if necessary.arrow_forwardo Consider the following simple reaction. [P] [S] k₁ S P where K'eq k₂ = Which of the listed effects would be brought about by an enzyme catalyzing the simple reaction? increased k2 increased K'eq more negative AG'o decreased AG increased k₁arrow_forward
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