Chapter 18.4, Problem 6P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for why mannose is one of the products when glucose undergoes base-catalyzed isomerization in the absence of an enzyme whereas mannose is not formed in the presence of an enzyme catalyzed reaction has to be explained

Concept introduction:

• Enzyme is a protein that is a biological catalyst. The reactant in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme is called substrate. In the enzyme, a pocket like cleft is present called active site where it binds the substrate.
• Some amino acid chains in the enzyme act as base, acid and nucleophilic catalyst. Many of the enzymes contain metal ions at the active site which acts as catalyst.
• Acid Catalyst helps in increasing the rate of a particular reaction by the donation of a proton to substrate.
• Base Catalyst helps in increasing the rate of a particular reaction by the removal of a proton to substrate.
• Nucleophilic catalysis helps in increasing the rate of a particular reaction by the formation of a covalent bond with substrate
• Glycolysis: A series of reactions where glucose is converted to two pyruvate molecules in the presence of enzymes catalysis.