Physical Chemistry
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781133958437
Author: Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas
Publisher: Wadsworth Cengage Learning,
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 17, Problem 17.17E
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The most probable distribution of a three-particle system having four possible energy levels, as shown in Figure 17.5 is to be stated. Whether the thermodynamic properties of such a system are determined solely by considering the most probable distribution or not is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
The thermodynamic state of a large microscopic system is understood using statistical
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Consider the molecules: CH2=CH-CH=CH-CH=CH-CH=CH-CH=CH2. Let’s assume that the 10 electrons that make up the double bonds can exist everywhere along the carbon chains. The electrons can then be considered as particles in a box; the ends of the molecule correspond to the boundaries of the box with a finite or zero potential energy inside. In this “molecular box”, 2 electrons can occupy an energy level. What are quantum states that the electrons from this molecule can occupy in the ground state? Note that the length of a C-C bond is about 1.54A and the length of a C=C bond is 1.34A to allow you to estimate the length of the “molecular box”
We discussed in class (several times) how the Boltzmann distribution can
be used to relate the relative populations of two states differing in energy
by AU. Suppose you are given a vial containing a solution of glucose in
water (don't ask why this would happen). For the purpose of this question,
glucose exists in one of two conformations-"chair" or "boat"-with an
energy difference (AU) of 25.11 kJ mol1 between them.
1. What would be the proportion of molecules in the "boat"
conformation at 310K?
2. Thinking back to our discussion of the individual sources of energy
that go into the potential energy calculation for a molecule (e.g. Upond
Uangle, Uelectrostatic. etc), give a plausible explanation of why the "boat"
conformation is less stable.
H он
"Chair"
OH
"Вoat"
но
но
но-
HO.
H.
HO.
HO
H.
HO.
OH
Briefly describe the contributions of Walter Nernst, T.W. Richards, Max Planck and G. N. Lewis in the development of the third law if thermodynamics
Chapter 17 Solutions
Physical Chemistry
Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.1ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.2ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.3ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.4ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.5ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.6ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.7ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.8ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.9ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.10E
Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.11ECh. 17 - If the ni values are all the same, a shorthand way...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.13ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.14ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.15ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.16ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.17ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.18ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.19ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.20ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.21ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.22ECh. 17 - Explain why q is a constant for a given system at...Ch. 17 - What is the ratio of ground-state nickel atoms in...Ch. 17 - Ti3+ has the following electronic energy levels:...Ch. 17 - Using the fact that =1/kT, show that equations...Ch. 17 - A one-dimensional particle-in-a-box has a length...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.28ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.29ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.30ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.31ECh. 17 - What is the value of q at absolute zero? Is it the...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.33ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.34ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.35ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.36ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.37ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.38ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.39ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.40ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.41ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.42ECh. 17 - What change is there in the Sackur-Tetrode...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.44ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.45ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.46ECh. 17 - Calculate the thermal de Broglie wavelength of He...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.48ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.49ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.50ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.51ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.52ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.53ECh. 17 - Use equation 17.56 to determine the change in...Ch. 17 - For an electron that has a velocity of 0.01c where...Ch. 17 - Use the Sackur-Tetrode equation to derive the...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.57ECh. 17 - Prob. 17.58E
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- Consider a system similar to the one in Figure 16.8, except that it contains six particles instead of four. What is the probability of having all the particles in only one of the two boxes in the case? Compare this with the similar probability for the system of four particles that we have derived to be equal to 18 . What does this comparison tell us about even larger systems?arrow_forwardA 40-year-old man in the U.S. has a 0.24% risk of dying during the next year. An insurance company charges $260 per year for a life-insurance policy that pays a $100,000 death benefit. Complete the probability distribution table. Let x be the profit (which could be negative in the case of a loss). List the x values from smallest to largest. List the P (x) as a fraction or decimal, not a percent. Approach this problem from the customer's point of view. X P(x)arrow_forwardBriefly describe the contributions of Walter Nernst, T. W. Richards, Max Planck and G. N. Lewisin the development of the third law of thermodynamics.arrow_forward
- 18. Which of the following is the definition of internal energy of a system? a.it is the sum of the kinetic energy of all of its components b.it is the sum of the rotational, vibrational, and translational energies of all of its components c.lt refers only to the energies of the nuclei of the atoms of the component molecules d.It is the sum of the potential and kinetic energies of the componentsarrow_forwardAnswer Question 1 onlyarrow_forwardWhy were we able to perform exercises in relation to thermochemistry?arrow_forward
- A standard sample of Argon gas is 22.4L, 1.00atm, 1.00mol, 273.15K. In the right setups excited gas can be tricked into using heat and giving away photons of light. If the sample gave off 0.01mol of 3,634nm light by converting thermal energy into those photons find the new final temp of the gas. SAr = 0.52J/gKarrow_forwardTopic: Physical Chemistryarrow_forwardChemistry The first excited electronic energy level of the helium atom is 3.13 ✕ 10−18 J above the ground level. Estimate the temperature at which the electronic motion will begin to make a significant contribution to the heat capacity. That is, at what temperature will 5.0% of the population be in the first excited state?arrow_forward
- 11. ( Draw the potential energy as a function of x. On top of the potential function, draw horizontal lines corresponding to the ground and first two excited quantum mechanical state energies of this system. Label the lines with their respective "v labels". Finally, using your energy state lines as individual axis, draw the wave functions for the ground and first two excited states. Consider the standard one-dimensional Harmonic oscillator centered about x = 0.arrow_forward1.List four constrains on the wave function that can be utilized to describe a molecular system.arrow_forwardDifferentiate between Fermi level and Fermion.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Physical ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781133958437Author:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, TomasPublisher:Wadsworth Cengage Learning,Introductory Chemistry: A FoundationChemistryISBN:9781337399425Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
Physical Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133958437
Author:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas
Publisher:Wadsworth Cengage Learning,
Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337399425
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079243
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning