Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Epibatadine, colorless oil isolated from the skin of the Equadorian poison arrow frog Epipedobates tricolor, has several times the analgesic potency of morphine. It is the first chlorine-containing, non-opioid analgesic ever isolated from a natural source.
The nitrogen atom in epbatadine needs to be calculated which is the stronger base.
Concept Introduction:
The basicity of
(b)
Interpretation:
What are the stereo centers in the below molecule:
Concept Introduction:
a stereocenter is an atom that bears different groups so that upon interchanging the two groups, the stereoisomers are obtained.
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Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
- 16-28 Following is the structural formula of metformin, the hydrochloride salt of which is marketed as the antidiabetic medication Glucophage. Metformin was introduced into clinical practice in the United States in 1995 for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. More than 25 million prescriptions for this drug were written in 2000, making it the most commonly prescribed brand-name diabetes medication in the nation. NH NH H3(\ 3 N N Nh2ch3 h Metformin Complete the Lewis structure for metformin, showing all valence electrons. Which nitrogen is the most likely site of protonation? Draw the structural formula of Glucophage.arrow_forward16-13 Classify each amino group as primary, secondary, or tertiary and as aliphatic or aromatic. Serotonin (a neurotransmitter) Diphenhydramine (the hydrochloride salt is the antihistamine Benadryl) Lysine (an amino acid)arrow_forward18-28 Arrange these compounds in order of increasing acidity: benzoic acid, benzyl alcohol, phenol.arrow_forward
- 14-57 (Chemical Connections 14E) What are the advantages and disadvantages of using diethyl ether as an anesthetic?arrow_forward16-17 Propylamine (bp 48°C), ethylmethylamine (bp 37°C), and trimethylamine (bp 3°C) are constitutional isomers with the molecular formula C3HgN. Account for the fact that trimethylamine has the lowest boiling point of the three and propylamine has the highest.arrow_forward16-26 The p/fb of amphetamine is approximately 3.2 Amphetamine (a) Which form of amphetamine (the free base or its conjugate acid) would you expect to be present at pH 1.0, the pH of stomach acid? (b ) Which form of amphetamine would you expect to be present at pH 7.40, the pH of blood plasma?arrow_forward
- 16-6 Answer true or false. te/7-Butylamine is a 3° amine. In an aromatic amine, one or more of the groups bonded to nitrogen is an aromatic ring. In a heterocyclic amine, the amine nitrogen is one of the atoms of a ring. The Lewis structures of both NH4~ and CH4show the same number (eight) of valence electrons, and the VSEPR model predicts tetrahedral geometry for each. There are four constitutional isomers with the molecular formula CgH^N.arrow_forwardWhat is the correct rank of the following compounds in order of decreasing acidity? 16 NH2 II IV Multiple Choice IV < III < || < | |< || < ||| < IV III < || < | < IV I| < IV < |< |Il|arrow_forward14-20 Show hydrogen bonding between methanol and water in the following ways. Between the oxygen of methanol and a hydrogen of water Between the hydrogen of methanol’s OH group and the oxygen of waterarrow_forward
- 18-6 Name and draw structural formulas for the four carboxylic acids with the molecular formula C5H10O2. Which of these carboxylic acids are chiral?arrow_forward18-16 Propanedioic (malonic) acid forms an intramolecular hydrogen bond in which the H of one COOH group forms a hydrogen bond with an O of the other COOH group. Draw a structural formula to show this internal hydrogen bonding. (There are two possible answers.)arrow_forward17-35 Suppose that you take a bottle of benzaldehyde (a liquid, bp 179°C) from a shelf and find a white solid in the bottom of the bottle. The solid turns litmus red; that is, it is acidic. Yet aldehydes are neutral compounds. How can you explain these observations?arrow_forward
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning