Chapter 16, Problem 16.39P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural feature is common to all benzodiazepines needs to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Benzodiazepines belongs to the class of psychoactive drugs. The core molecular structure contains a benzene ring fused together with a diazepine ring. The very first drug is discovered by Leo Sternbach accidentally in 1955. It enhances the effect of the neurotransmitter GABA. The high dose of the shorter acting drug can cause anterograde amnesia. They are useful in treatment of seizures, agitation, anxiety, muscle spasms, insomnia and alcohol withdrawal. It can be classified as short, intermediate and long acting benzodiazepines. The short and intermediate acting benzodiazepines are used for the treatment of insomnia. On the other hand, longer-acting benzodiazepines are used for treating anxiety. They are safe for the short-term use but elderly have an increased risk of both the short- and long term adverse effects of benzodiazepines.