Chapter 16, Problem 16.1P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The name of the benzene derivative compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

IUPAC stands for International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. The IUPAC gave certain rules which are used worldwide to name the organic compounds. Due to IUPAC naming, each compound has a unique name which is different from their common name.

In aryl compounds, the substituents are indicated by the numbers and the aromatic ring is named as benzene.

Answer to Problem 16.1P

The IUPAC name of the aromatic compound is $\text{1-chloro-3-methylbenzene}$.

Explanation of Solution

Aromatic compounds are those compounds which contains at least one aromatic ring. The naming of aromatic compounds uses the same rules as aliphatic compounds.

(1) The six-membered aromatic ring is named as benzene.

(2) If a functional group is present on the benzene ring, then the benzene is named as phenyl.

(3) The substituents on the benzene ring are indicated by the numbers and are named in alphabetical order.

(4) The lowest locant rule is used. The substituent which comes first in the alphabetical order is numbered one and then the numbering is done in the direction such that the other substituent gets the maximum lower numerical value.

(5) If a functional group is attached on the benzene ring, then that carbon is numbered one.

In Figure 1, the benzene ring contains chloro and the ethyl group. The numbering starts from the carbon atom containing chloro group since it comes first in the alphabetical series and the numbering is done according to lowest locant rule.

Figure 1

The rule of naming an aromatic compound according to IUPAC is $\text{prefix}+\text{benzene}+\text{suffix}$.

$\begin{array}{rll}\text{IUPAC name of the compound}& =& \text{1-chloro}+\text{3-ethyl}+\text{benzene}\\ & =& \text{1-chloro-3-ethylbenzene}\end{array}$

Therefore, the IUPAC name of the aromatic compound is $\text{1-chloro-3-methylbenzene}$.

Conclusion

The IUPAC name of the aromatic compound is $\text{1-chloro-3-methylbenzene}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The name of the benzene derivative compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

IUPAC stands for International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. The IUPAC gave certain rules which are used worldwide to name the organic compounds. Due to IUPAC naming, each compound has a unique name which is different from their common name.

In aryl compounds, the substituents are indicated by the numbers and the aromatic ring is named as benzene.

Answer to Problem 16.1P

The IUPAC name of the aromatic compound is $\text{1, 2-diethylbenzene}$.

Explanation of Solution

Aromatic compounds are those compounds which contains at least one aromatic ring. The naming of aromatic compounds uses the same rules as aliphatic compounds.

(1) The six-membered aromatic ring is named as benzene.

(2) If a functional group is present on the benzene ring, then the benzene is named as phenyl.

(3) The substituents on the benzene ring are indicated by the numbers and are named in alphabetical order.

(4) The lowest locant rule is used. The substituent which comes first in the alphabetical order is numbered one and then the numbering is done in the direction such that the other substituent gets the maximum lower numerical value.

(5) If a functional group is attached on the benzene ring, then that carbon is numbered one.

In Figure 2, the benzene ring contains two ethyl groups. So, numbering can be done from any carbon containing ethyl group using lowest locant rule.

Figure 2

The rule of naming an aromatic compound according to IUPAC is

$\text{prefix}+\text{benzene}+\text{suffix}$.

$\begin{array}{rll}\text{IUPAC name of the compound}& =& \text{2, 2-diethyl}+\text{benzene}\\ & =& 1\text{, 2-diethylbenzene}\end{array}$

Therefore, the IUPAC name of the aromatic compound is $\text{1, 2-diethylbenzene}$.

Conclusion

The IUPAC name of the aromatic compound is $\text{1, 2-diethylbenzene}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The name of the benzene derivative compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

IUPAC stands for International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. The IUPAC gave certain rules which are used worldwide to name the organic compounds. Due to IUPAC naming, each compound has a unique name which is different from their common name.

In aryl compounds, the substituents are indicated by the numbers and the aromatic ring is named as benzene.

Answer to Problem 16.1P

The IUPAC name of the aromatic compound is $\text{1-nitro-4-vinyllbenzene}$.

Explanation of Solution

Aromatic compounds are those compounds which contains at least one aromatic ring. The naming of aromatic compounds uses the same rules as aliphatic compounds.

(1) The six-membered aromatic ring is named as benzene.

(2) If a functional group is present on the benzene ring, then the benzene is named as phenyl.

(3) The substituents on the benzene ring are indicated by the numbers and are named in alphabetical order.

(4) The lowest locant rule is used. The substituent which comes first in the alphabetical order is numbered one and then the numbering is done in the direction such that the other substituent gets the maximum lower numerical value.

(5) If a functional group is attached on the benzene ring, then that carbon is numbered one.

In Figure 3, the benzene ring contains nitro and the vinyl group. The numbering starts from the carbon atom containing nitrro group since it comes first in the alphabetical series and the numbering is done according to lowest locant rule.

Figure 3

The rule of naming an aromatic compound according to IUPAC is $\text{prefix}+\text{benzene}+\text{suffix}$.

$\begin{array}{rll}\text{IUPAC name of the compound}& =& \text{1-nitro}+4\text{-vinyl}+\text{benzene}\\ & =& \text{1-nitro-4-vinyllbenzene}\end{array}$

Therefore, the IUPAC name of the aromatic compound is $\text{1-nitro-4-vinyllbenzene}$.

Conclusion

The IUPAC name of the aromatic compound is $\text{1-nitro-4-vinyllbenzene}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The name of the benzene derivative compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

IUPAC stands for International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. The IUPAC gave certain rules which are used worldwide to name the organic compounds. Due to IUPAC naming, each compound has a unique name which is different from their common name.

In aryl compounds, the substituents are indicated by the numbers and the aromatic ring is named as benzene.

Answer to Problem 16.1P

The IUPAC name of the aromatic compound is $\text{2, 4-dichlorophenol}$.

Explanation of Solution

Aromatic compounds are those compounds which contains at least one aromatic ring. The naming of aromatic compounds uses the same rules as aliphatic compounds.

(1) The six-membered aromatic ring is named as benzene.

(2) If a functional group is present on the benzene ring, then the benzene is named as phenyl.

(3) The substituents on the benzene ring are indicated by the numbers and are named in alphabetical order.

(4) The lowest locant rule is used. The substituent which comes first in the alphabetical order is numbered one and then the numbering is done in the direction such that the other substituent gets the maximum lower numerical value.

(5) If a functional group is attached on the benzene ring, then that carbon is numbered one.

In Figure 4, the benzene ring contains two chloro groups and one functional group, hydroxyl group. The name of the benzene ring will become phenyl. The numbering starts from the carbon atom containing hydroxyl group since it is a functional group and then the substituents are numbered using lowest locant rule.

Figure 4

The rule of naming an aromatic compound according to IUPAC is $\text{prefix}+\text{benzene}+\text{suffix}$.

$\begin{array}{rll}\text{IUPAC name of the compound}& =& \text{2, 4-dichloro}+\text{phenyl}+\text{ol}\\ & =& \text{2, 4-dichlorophenol}\end{array}$

Therefore, the IUPAC name of the aromatic compound is $\text{2, 4-dichlorophenol}$.

Conclusion

The IUPAC name of the aromatic compound is $\text{2, 4-dichlorophenol}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The name of the benzene derivative compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

IUPAC stands for International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. The IUPAC gave certain rules which are used worldwide to name the organic compounds. Due to IUPAC naming, each compound has a unique name which is different from their common name.

In aryl compounds, the substituents are indicated by the numbers and the aromatic ring is named as benzene.

Answer to Problem 16.1P

The IUPAC name of the aromatic compound is

$\text{2-bromo-1-chloro-5-fluoro-4-iodo-3-nitrobenzene}$.

Explanation of Solution

Aromatic compounds are those compounds which contains at least one aromatic ring. The naming of aromatic compounds uses the same rules as aliphatic compounds.

(1) The six-membered aromatic ring is named as benzene.

(2) If a functional group is present on the benzene ring, then the benzene is named as phenyl.

(3) The substituents on the benzene ring are indicated by the numbers and are named in alphabetical order.

(4) The lowest locant rule is used. The substituent which comes first in the alphabetical order is numbered one and then the numbering is done in the direction such that the other substituent gets the maximum lower numerical value.

(5) If a functional group is attached on the benzene ring, then that carbon is numbered one.

In Figure 5, the benzene ring contains chloro, bromo, fluoro, iodo and nitro groups. The numbering is done using the lowest locant rule.

Figure 5

The rule of naming an aromatic compound according to IUPAC is $\text{prefix}+\text{benzene}+\text{suffix}$.

$\begin{array}{rll}\text{IUPAC name of the compound}& =& \text{2-bromo}+\text{1-chloro}+\text{5-fluoro}+\text{4-iodo}+\text{3-nitro}+\text{benzene}\\ & =& \text{2-bromo-1-chloro-5-fluoro-4-iodo-3-nitrobenzene}\end{array}$ Therefore, the IUPAC name of the aromatic compound is $\text{2-bromo-1-chloro-5-fluoro-4-iodo-3-nitrobenzene}$.

Conclusion

The IUPAC name of the aromatic compound is

$\text{2-bromo-1-chloro-5-fluoro-4-iodo-3-nitrobenzene}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The name of the benzene derivative compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

IUPAC stands for International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. The IUPAC gave certain rules which are used worldwide to name the organic compounds. Due to IUPAC naming, each compound has a unique name which is different from their common name.

In aryl compounds, the substituents are indicated by the numbers and the aromatic ring is named as benzene.

Answer to Problem 16.1P

The IUPAC name of the aromatic compound is $\text{1, 1-diphenylmethane}$.

Explanation of Solution

Aromatic compounds are those compounds which contains at least one aromatic ring. The naming of aromatic compounds uses the same rules as aliphatic compounds.

(1) The six-membered aromatic ring is named as benzene.

(2) If a functional group is present on the benzene ring, then the benzene is named as phenyl.

(3) The substituents on the benzene ring are indicated by the numbers and are named in alphabetical order.

(4) The lowest locant rule is used. The substituent which comes first in the alphabetical order is numbered one and then the numbering is done in the direction such that the other substituent gets the maximum lower numerical value.

(5) If a functional group is attached on the benzene ring, then that carbon is numbered one.

(6) If benzene ring is a substitutent, it is named as phenyl.

In Figure 6, the benzene rings are subtituents on the methyl group.

Figure 6

The rule of naming an aromatic compound according to IUPAC is $\text{prefix}+\text{wordroot}+\text{ane}$.

$\begin{array}{rll}\text{IUPAC name of the compound}& =& \text{1, 1-diphenyl}+\text{meth}+ane\\ & =& \text{1, 1-diphenylmethane}\end{array}$

Therefore, the IUPAC name of the aromatic compound is $\text{1, 1-diphenylmethane}$.

Conclusion

The IUPAC name of the aromatic compound is $\text{1, 1-diphenylmethane}$.