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(a)
Interpretation:
IUPAC name for the
Concept Introduction:
For naming a carboxylic acid in
IUPAC rules for naming a carboxylic acid:
- The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carboxyl group.
- The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-oic acid”.
- Numbering is done in a way that the carboxyl group is designated as number 1. This is not indicated in the part of the name because for
aldehyde , the carboxyl carbon is always numbered 1. - The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.
- If the carboxyl
functional group is attached to a ring of carbon atoms, the ring is named and “-carboxylic acid” is added as suffix.
In a line-angle structural formula the point at which two lines intersect and the end points are carbon atoms.
(a)
Answer to Problem 16.16EP
IUPAC name of the given carboxylic acid is 4-methylpentanoic acid.
Explanation of Solution
Given structure of carboxylic acid is,
The longest continuous carbon chain has to be found out with the carboxyl group in it. In this it is a five carbon chain. Hence, the parent alkane is pentane. The carboxylic acid is named by replacing the suffix “-e” in the alkane name with “-oic acid”. This gives the name of carboxylic acid as pentanoic acid.
Looking for substituents it is found that there is a methyl group present on fourth carbon atom. Hence, the IUPAC name of the given carboxylic acid is 4-methylpentanoic acid.
The IUPAC name of the given carboxylic acid is 4-methylpentanoic acid.
IUPAC name of the given carboxylic acid is found out.
(b)
Interpretation:
IUPAC name for the carboxylic acid has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
For naming a carboxylic acid in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-oic” is added to the parent alkane name.
IUPAC rules for naming a carboxylic acid:
- The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carboxyl group.
- The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-oic acid”.
- Numbering is done in a way that the carboxyl group is designated as number 1. This is not indicated in the part of the name because for carboxylic acid, the carboxyl carbon is always numbered 1.
- The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.
- If the carboxyl functional group is attached to a ring of carbon atoms, the ring is named and “-carboxylic acid” is added as suffix.
In a line-angle structural formula the point at which two lines intersect and the end points are carbon atoms.
(b)
Answer to Problem 16.16EP
IUPAC name of the given carboxylic acid is 2,4-dimethylpentanoic acid.
Explanation of Solution
Given structure of carboxylic acid is,
The longest continuous carbon chain has to be found out with the carboxyl group in it. In this it is a five carbon chain. Hence, the parent alkane is pentane. The carboxylic acid is named by replacing the suffix “-e” in the alkane name with “-oic acid”. This gives the name of carboxylic acid as pentanoic acid.
Looking for substituents it is found that there are two methyl groups present, each on second and fourth carbon atom. In the IUPAC name prefix “-di” has to be added before the alkyl name. Hence, the IUPAC name of the given carboxylic acid is 2,4-dimethylpentanoic acid.
The IUPAC name of the given carboxylic acid is 2,4-dimethylpentanoic acid.
IUPAC name of the given carboxylic acid is found out.
(c)
Interpretation:
IUPAC name for the carboxylic acid has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
For naming a carboxylic acid in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-oic” is added to the parent alkane name.
IUPAC rules for naming a carboxylic acid:
- The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carboxyl group.
- The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-oic acid”.
- Numbering is done in a way that the carboxyl group is designated as number 1. This is not indicated in the part of the name because for aldehyde, the carboxyl carbon is always numbered 1.
- The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.
- If the carboxyl functional group is attached to a ring of carbon atoms, the ring is named and “-carboxylic acid” is added as suffix.
In a line-angle structural formula the point at which two lines intersect and the end points are carbon atoms.
(c)
Answer to Problem 16.16EP
IUPAC name of the given carboxylic acid is heptanoic acid.
Explanation of Solution
Given structure of carboxylic acid is,
The longest continuous carbon chain has to be found out with the carboxyl group in it. In this it is a seven carbon chain. Hence, the parent alkane is heptane. The carboxylic acid is named by replacing the suffix “-e” in the alkane name with “-oic acid”. This gives the name of carboxylic acid as heptanoic acid.
Looking for substituents it is found that there are no substituents present on the carbon chain. Hence, the IUPAC name of the given carboxylic acid is heptanoic acid.
The IUPAC name of the given carboxylic acid is heptanoic acid.
IUPAC name of the given carboxylic acid is found out.
(d)
Interpretation:
IUPAC name for the carboxylic acid has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
For naming a carboxylic acid in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-oic” is added to the parent alkane name.
IUPAC rules for naming a carboxylic acid:
- The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carboxyl group.
- The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-oic acid”.
- Numbering is done in a way that the carboxyl group is designated as number 1. This is not indicated in the part of the name because for aldehyde, the carboxyl carbon is always numbered 1.
- The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.
- If the carboxyl functional group is attached to a ring of carbon atoms, the ring is named and “-carboxylic acid” is added as suffix.
In a line-angle structural formula the point at which two lines intersect and the end points are carbon atoms.
(d)
Answer to Problem 16.16EP
IUPAC name of the given carboxylic acid is 3,5-dimethylheptanoic acid.
Explanation of Solution
Given structure of carboxylic acid is,
The longest continuous carbon chain has to be found out with the carboxyl group in it. In this it is a seven carbon chain. Hence, the parent alkane is heptane. The carboxylic acid is named by replacing the suffix “-e” in the alkane name with “-oic acid”. This gives the name of carboxylic acid as heptanoic acid.
Looking for substituents it is found that there are two methyl groups present as substituents, each on third carbon atom and fifth carbon atom. Hence, the IUPAC name of the given carboxylic acid is 3,5-dimethylheptanoic acid.
The IUPAC name of the given carboxylic acid is 3,5-dimethylheptanoic acid.
IUPAC name of the given carboxylic acid is found out.
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Chapter 16 Solutions
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Seventh Edition
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- In the Born-Haber cycle for KCl crystal formation, what enthalpy component must be divided by two? Group of answer choices KCl(s) enthalpy of formation Ionization energy for K(g) K(s) sublimation enthalpy Cl2 bond dissociation enthalpyarrow_forward2. Specify the solvent and reagent(s) required to carry out each of the following FGI. If two reagent sets must be used for the FGI, specify the solvent and reagent(s) for each reagent set. If a reaction cannot be carried out with reagents (sets) class, write NP (not possible) in the solvent box for reagent set #1. Use the letter abbreviation for each solvent; use a number abbreviation for reagent(s). Solvents: CH2Cl2 (A); H₂O (B); Reagents: HBr (1); R₂BH (6); H2SO4 (2); CH3OH (C); Br₂ (3); CH3CO₂H (D) NaHCO3 (4); Hg(OAc)2 (5); H₂O₂ / HO (7); NaBH4 (8) Reagent Set #1 Reagent Set #2 FGI хот Br Solvent Reagent(s) Solvent Reagent(s)arrow_forwardWhat is the correct chemical equation for the lattice formation reaction for CaBr2? Group of answer choices Ca2+(g) + 2 Br−(g) → CaBr2(s) ½ Ca2+(g) + Br−(g) → ½ CaBr2(s) Ca(s) + Br2(l) → CaBr2(s) Ca(s) + 2 Br−(g) → CaBr2(s)arrow_forward
- PLEASE ANSWER THE QUESTION!!!arrow_forward3. SYNTHESIS. Propose a sequence of synthetic steps (FGI) that convert the starting material (SM) into the Target molecule. For each FGI in your proposed synthesis, specify the reagents / conditions, and draw the product(s) of that FGI. DO NOT INCLUDE the FGI mxn in the answer you submit. If an FGI requires two reagent sets, specify the order in which the reagent sets are added, e.g., i) Hg(OAc)2 / H₂O; ii) NaBH4/MeOH. Indicate the stereochemistry (if any) of the products of each FGI. FGI 1. Me Starting Material Source of all carbons in the Target molecule (can use multiple copies) Me Me Target molecule + enantiomerarrow_forwardcurved arrows are used to illustate the flow of electrons. Using the provided starting and product structures, draw the curved electron-pushing arrows for the following reaction mechanism stepsarrow_forward
Organic And Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305081079Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)Publisher:Cengage Learning,
General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage Learning